精密弱透镜的首次剪切测量
The first shear measurements from precision weak lensing
摘要：
我们提出了一个端到端的方法来测量弱透镜对单个星系星系系统利用其运动学信息的影响。使用这种方法，我们已经测量了剪切信号的速度场的18个弱透镜星系。我们只根据源的性质选择了一个系统样本，要求它们是明亮的（表观$i$ -波段星等$ < 17.4$）和在附近的宇宙中（$z < 0.15$）。我们在2.3米望远镜上用WiFeS观测了源的速度场，并用一个简单的有外剪切的圆周运动模型对它们进行了拟合。我们已经测量了$\langle γ\rangle = 0.020 \pm 0.008$的平均剪切力，并与文献中使用恒星-晕关系中位数获得的预测$\langle γ_{pred} \rangle = 0.005$进行了比较。虽然仍然是一种统计方法，但我们的研究结果表明，这种新的弱透镜方法可以克服传统的基于堆叠的技术的一些局限性。我们详细描述了该方法的所有步骤，并公开了本研究中使用的弱透镜源的所有速度图。
英文摘要：
We present an end-to-end methodology to measure the effects of weak lensing on individual galaxy-galaxy systems exploiting their kinematic information. Using this methodology, we have measured a shear signal from the velocity fields of 18 weakly-lensed galaxies. We selected a sample of systems based only on the properties of the sources, requiring them to be bright (apparent $i$-band magnitude $ < 17.4$) and in the nearby Universe ($z < 0.15$). We have observed the velocity fields of the sources with WiFeS, an optical IFU on a 2.3m telescope, and fitted them using a simple circular motion model with an external shear. We have measured an average shear of $\langle γ\rangle = 0.020 \pm 0.008$ compared to a predicted $\langle γ_{pred} \rangle = 0.005$ obtained using median stellar-to-halo relationships from the literature. While still a statistical approach, our results suggest that this new weak lensing methodology can overcome some of the limitations of traditional stacking-based techniques. We describe in detail all the steps of the methodology and make publicly available all the velocity maps for the weakly-lensed sources used in this study.
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