违反吉布斯相律：Colloid - Polymer混合物中熵驱动五重点的证据
Defying the Gibbs Phase Rule: Evidence for an Entropy-Driven Quintuple Point in Colloid-Polymer Mixtures
摘要：
使用一个最小的二元棒-聚合物混合物的热力学代数模型，我们提供了证据的五重相平衡，观察，似乎是在不符合吉布斯相规则的两个组件系统。我们的模型是基于状态方程的相关液晶阶段，在定量协议与计算机模拟。我们认为，一个五重平衡的外观，涉及各向同性的流体，一个液晶和近晶相液晶，和两个固相可以调和与广义吉布斯相规则，其中两个固有的长度尺度的非热胶体-聚合物混合物作为额外的字段变量。
英文摘要：
Using a minimal algebraic model for the thermodynamics of binary rod--polymer mixtures, we provide evidence for a quintuple phase equilibrium; an observation that seems to be at odds with the Gibbs phase rule for two-component systems. Our model is based on equations of state for the relevant liquid crystal phases that are in quantitative agreement with computer simulations. We argue that the appearance of a quintuple equilibrium, involving an isotropic fluid, a nematic and smectic liquid crystal, and two solid phases can be reconciled with a generalized Gibbs phase rule in which the two intrinsic length scales of the athermal colloid--polymer mixture act as additional field variables.
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