Major Scientific Challenges and Opportunities in Understanding Magnetic Reconnection and Related Explosive Phenomena in Solar and Heliospheric Plasmas
H. Ji, J. Karpen, A. Alt, S. Antiochos, S. Baalrud, S. Bale, P. M. Bellan, M. Begelman, A. Beresnyak, A. Bhattacharjee, E. G. Blackman, D. Brennan, M. Brown, J.… 展开作者
H. Ji, J. Karpen, A. Alt, S. Antiochos, S. Baalrud, S. Bale, P. M. Bellan, M. Begelman, A. Beresnyak, A. Bhattacharjee, E. G. Blackman, D. Brennan, M. Brown, J. Buechner, J. Burch, P. Cassak, B. Chen, L. -J. Chen, Y. Chen, A. Chien, L. Comisso, D. Craig, J. Dahlin, W. Daughton, E. DeLuca, C. F. Dong, S. Dorfman, J. Drake, F. Ebrahimi, J. Egedal, R. Ergun, G. Eyink, Y. Fan, G. Fiksel, C. Forest, W. Fox, D. Froula, K. Fujimoto, L. Gao, K. Genestreti, S. Gibson, M. Goldstein, F. Guo, J. Hare, M. Hesse, M. Hoshino, Q. Hu, Y. -M. Huang, J. Jara-Almonte, H. Karimabadi, J. Klimchuk, M. Kunz, K. Kusano, A. Lazarian, A. Le, S. Lebedev, H. Li, X. Li, Y. Lin, M. Linton, Y. -H. Liu, W. Liu, D. Longcope, N. Loureiro, Q. -M. Lu, Z-W. Ma, W. H. Matthaeus, D. Meyerhofer, F. Mozer, T. Munsat, N. A. Murphy, P. Nilson, Y. Ono, M. Opher, H. Park, S. Parker, M. Petropoulou, T. Phan, S. Prager, M. Rempel, C. Ren, Y. Ren, R. Rosner, V. Roytershteyn, J. Sarff, A. Savcheva, D. Schaffner, K. Schoeffier, E. Scime, M. Shay, L. Sironi, M. Sitnov, A. Stanier, M. Swisdak, J. TenBarge, T. Tharp, D. Uzdensky, A. Vaivads, M. Velli, E. Vishniac, H. Wang, G. Werner, C. Xiao, M. Yamada, T. Yokoyama, J. Yoo, S. Zenitani, E. Zweibel
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4 pages (including a title page), white paper submitted to Helio2050 workshop at https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/helio2050/. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2004.00079
Magnetic reconnection underlies many explosive phenomena in the heliosphere and in laboratory plasmas. The new research capabilities in theory/simulations, observations, and laboratory experiments provide the opportunity to solve the grand scientific challenges summarized in this whitepaper. Success will require enhanced and sustained investments from relevant funding agencies, increased interagency/international partnerships, and close collaborations of the solar, heliospheric, and laboratory plasma communities. These investments will deliver transformative progress in understanding magnetic reconnection and related explosive phenomena including space weather events.
Ion-Scale Current Sheets Embedded in Reconnection Jet Shear Layer of the Near-Sun Heliospheric Current Sheet
Chungbuk National University(忠北国立大学);University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);New Mexico Consortium(新墨西哥联盟);Los Alamos National Laboratory(洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室)
Parker Solar Probe Observations of Compound Reconnection Exhaust Boundaries and Mirror-Mode Structures in the Near-Sun Heliospheric Current Sheet
Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校空间科学实验室);Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College(达特茅斯学院物理与天文学系);Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan(密歇根大学气候与空间科学与工程系);Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics and Space Physics, University of California, Los Angeles(加州大学洛杉矶分校地球、行星与空间科学及地球物理与空间物理研究所);Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University(普林斯顿大学天体物理科学系)
Small-scale magnetic islands in the solar wind and their role in particle acceleration. Part 1: Dynamics of magnetic islands near the heliospheric current sheet
在keV-MeV范围内的离子通量的增加,有时会观察到附近的日光层电流片(HCS)期间,当其他来源的缺席。这些类似于太阳高能粒子(SEP)事件,但事件较弱,显然是局部的。基于带电粒子的冲击加速或由于行星际电流片处的磁重联引起的粒子加速的传统解释是没有说服力的。相反,我们认为,在HCS和太阳风中较小的电流片处发生了周期性的磁重联(Zharkova & Khabarova 2012),其结果是粒子被动态演变的次级电流片和磁岛包围(Zank et al. 2014; Drake et al. 2006 a)。与磁岛相关的捕获和加速过程的有效性部分取决于HCS的拓扑结构。我们发现,HCS具有波纹叠加在大规模的平坦或波状结构。我们推测,波纹可以有效地限制等离子体,并提供托卡马克的条件,有利于合并和/或合同的小规模磁岛的外观。被捕获在合并岛附近并经历多次小规模重联事件的粒子被感应电场加速,并在收缩磁岛时经历一阶费米加速(Zank等人,2014)。我们提出了多航天器观测的磁岛合并和粒子的磁岛合并在没有其他来源的情况下,提供支持的理论和模拟,显示粒子的磁岛合并和收缩的重连相关的过程。
Onset of turbulent fast magnetic reconnection observed in the solar atmosphere
从伽马射线暴到太阳耀斑,快速的磁重联为整个宇宙的爆炸事件提供了动力。尽管它的重要性,天体物理快速重联的开始是激烈辩论的主题,仍然是等离子体物理的一个悬而未决的问题。在这里,我们报告的两个重连驱动的太阳微耀斑的高节奏观测得到的\textit{Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph},显示持续的湍流前耀斑。这些流动的速度与最初的局部声速相当,这表明在高度湍流的等离子体环境中发生了快速重连。我们的结果是在密切的定量协议与理论的磁驱动的重联,以及与数值模拟,其中快速磁重联诱导湍流。
Magnetic reconnection as an Adler-Ohmic bifurcation: The topological origin of Bohm resistivity
The European Space Agency Centre for Earth Observation(欧洲空间局地球观测中心);Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan(萨斯喀彻温大学物理与工程物理系)
Factors Controlling the Statistics of Magnetic Reconnection in MHD Turbulence
University of Delaware(特拉华大学);University of Waikato(怀卡托大学);University of Hawaii at Manoa(夏威夷大学马诺阿分校);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学)
Analysis of the energy release for different magnetic reconnection regimes within the solar environment
利用2.5维磁流体动力学模拟分析了三种不同重联区的能量释放。所研究的系统包括位于介质中的电流片,沿电流层具有强密度变化:这种系统被模拟为位于高色球层/低日冕层,如在耀斑前和日冕物质抛射(CME)配置的情况下或在这种爆炸现象之后。通过触发不同的磁重联动力学,即从层流缓慢演化到自发的非稳态湍流重联[1,2,3],我们观察到与这些重联驱动的演化中的每一个相关的能量通量的相当不同的效率和时间行为。这些差异是基本的关键属性,以创建触发机制的现实模型和所有这些现象的初始演变需要快速(和高功率)磁重联事件在太阳环境中。1. G. Lapenta,Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,235001(2008)中所述。2. L. Bettarini和G. Lapenta,ApJ Submitted(2009). 3. M. Skender和G. Lapenta,Phys. Plasmas submitted(2009).
Breakout/Interchange Reconnection as a driver of Jets, Fast Coronal Mass Ejection, and Solar Energetic Particles
American University(美国大学);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心);University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);Durham University(杜伦大学);University of Michigan(密歇根大学);The Catholic University of America(天主教大学)
Electron acceleration by turbulent reconnection in solar flares
School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University(南京大学天文与空间科学学院);Key Laboratory for Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education(教育部现代天文学和天体物理学重点实验室(南京大学));Institute of Science and Technology for Deep Space Exploration, Suzhou Campus, Nanjing University(南京大学苏州校区深空探测科学与技术研究院);State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology(澳门科技大学月球与行星科学国家重点实验室)