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arXiv 2009.08440quant-ph
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计量互补揭示了爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森悖论

Metrological complementarity reveals the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox

Benjamin Yadin, Matteo Fadel, Manuel Gessner

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发表信息：
Nature Communications 12, 2410 (2021)
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摘要：

爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森（EPR）悖论在我们理解量子力学中起着基础性的作用，并且与预测非对易测量结果的可能性有关，其精度似乎违反了不确定原理。这种与互补性的明显矛盾是由比纠缠更强的非经典相关性（称为转向）造成的。量子信息认识到转向是许多任务的重要资源，但与纠缠相反，它在计量学中的作用迄今仍不清楚。在这里，我们制定的EPR悖论的框架内的量子精密测量，表明它能够精确估计的本地相移和其产生的观察。采用更严格的制定量子互补性，我们推导出一个标准的基础上的量子费舍尔信息，检测转向在一个更大的类的状态比众所周知的不确定性为基础的标准。我们的结果确定了有用的转向量子增强的精度测量，并允许一个国家的最先进的实验中发现非高斯状态的转向。

英文摘要：

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox plays a fundamental role in our understanding of quantum mechanics, and is associated with the possibility of predicting the results of non-commuting measurements with a precision that seems to violate the uncertainty principle. This apparent contradiction to complementarity is made possible by nonclassical correlations stronger than entanglement, called steering. Quantum information recognises steering as an essential resource for a number of tasks but, contrary to entanglement, its role for metrology has so far remained unclear. Here, we formulate the EPR paradox in the framework of quantum metrology, showing that it enables the precise estimation of a local phase shift and of its generating observable. Employing a stricter formulation of quantum complementarity, we derive a criterion based on the quantum Fisher information that detects steering in a larger class of states than well-known uncertainty-based criteria. Our result identifies useful steering for quantum-enhanced precision measurements and allows one to uncover steering of non-Gaussian states in state-of-the-art experiments.

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