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arXiv 2009.04374cs.AIstat.ML
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用AlphaZero评估博弈平衡:探索国际象棋中的替代规则集

Assessing Game Balance with AlphaZero: Exploring Alternative Rule Sets in Chess

DeepMind

Nenad Tomašev, Ulrich Paquet, Demis Hassabis, Vladimir Kramnik

摘要:

设计一套吸引人的、平衡的游戏规则并非易事。现代国际象棋已经发展了几个世纪,但如果没有类似的历史依据,规则变化对游戏动态的影响就很难预测。AlphaZero提供了一种替代的计算机游戏平衡评估方法。它是一个可以通过不断学习自己的经验,在没有任何人为监督的情况下从头开始学习任何规则集的接近最佳策略的系统。在这项研究中,我们使用AlphaZero创造性地探索和设计新的国际象棋变体。由于古典国际象棋的大量开局理论,职业比赛中平局的比例很高,以及不可忽略的比赛结束时双方仍在家中准备的游戏数量,因此对国际象棋变体如菲舍尔随机国际象棋的兴趣越来越大。我们比较了其他九种涉及原子变化的国际象棋规则。这些变化允许新的战略和战术模式出现,同时保持游戏接近原始。通过使用AlphaZero为每个变体学习接近最优的策略,我们确定了如果采用这些变体,强大的人类玩家之间的游戏可能会是什么样子。质量,几个变种是非常动态的.分析比较表明,棋子的价值不同的变种之间,有些变种是更决定性的比经典国际象棋。我们的发现证明了现代国际象棋规则之外的丰富可能性。

英文摘要:

It is non-trivial to design engaging and balanced sets of game rules. Modern chess has evolved over centuries, but without a similar recourse to history, the consequences of rule changes to game dynamics are difficult to predict. AlphaZero provides an alternative in silico means of game balance assessment. It is a system that can learn near-optimal strategies for any rule set from scratch, without any human supervision, by continually learning from its own experience. In this study we use AlphaZero to creatively explore and design new chess variants. There is growing interest in chess variants like Fischer Random Chess, because of classical chess's voluminous opening theory, the high percentage of draws in professional play, and the non-negligible number of games that end while both players are still in their home preparation. We compare nine other variants that involve atomic changes to the rules of chess. The changes allow for novel strategic and tactical patterns to emerge, while keeping the games close to the original. By learning near-optimal strategies for each variant with AlphaZero, we determine what games between strong human players might look like if these variants were adopted. Qualitatively, several variants are very dynamic. An analytic comparison show that pieces are valued differently between variants, and that some variants are more decisive than classical chess. Our findings demonstrate the rich possibilities that lie beyond the rules of modern chess.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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