耗散适应下的预测热力学
On the thermodynamics of prediction under dissipative adaptation
摘要：
一方面，热动力学功提取过程的耗散热限制了相关系统对其环境进行编码的非预测信息。因此，可以从朝向高热力学效率的压力的角度来理解涌现的信息处理能力。另一方面，热力学第二定律在复杂的自组织耗散结构的出现中起着至关重要的作用。这样的结构在物理上是有利的，因为它们可以耗散自由能库，否则将无法访问。因此，它们允许封闭系统从一个亚稳态移动到另一个熵更高的亚稳态。本文将认为，这两种观点并不矛盾，但他们的组合允许理解从简单的自组织耗散结构到复杂的信息处理系统的过渡。如果耗散结构从自由能的通道流中获得足够的功以维持其自身结构所需的效率很高，则该系统具有预测性。尽管如此，与没有任何耗散结构的情况相比，这种耗散系统的存在在理论上是有利的。由于耗散系统层级的出现，它们本身就是可以耗散的非平衡结构，当一个人在这个层级中越来越远离最初的驱动不平衡时，这种驱动自然地发展。
英文摘要：
On the one hand, the dissipated heat of a thermodynamic work extraction process upper bounds the non-predictive information, which the associated system encodes about its environment. Thus, emergent information processing capabilities can be understood from the perspective of a pressure towards high thermodynamic efficiency. On the other hand, the second law of thermodynamics plays a crucial role in the emergence of complex, self-organising dissipative structures. Such structures are thermodynamically favoured, because they can dissipate free energy reservoirs, which would not be accessible otherwise. Thereby, they allow a closed system to move from one meta-stable state to another meta-stable state of higher entropy. This paper will argue, that these two views are not contradictory, but that their combination allows to understand the transition from simple self-organising dissipative structures to complex information processing systems. If the efficiency required by a dissipative structure to harvest enough work from the channeled flow of free energy to maintain its own structure is high, there is a drive for this system to be predictive. Still, the existence of this dissipative system is thermodynamically favoured, compared to a situation without any dissipative structure. Due to the emergence of a hierarchy of dissipative systems, which by themselves are non-equilibrium structures that can be dissipated, such a drive develops naturally, as one ascends in this hierarchy further and further away from the initial driving disequilibrium.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
