用AESOP-Lite谱仪测量1 AU低能cosmic-ray电子和正电子能谱
Measurement of low-energy cosmic-ray electron and positron spectra at 1 AU with the AESOP-Lite spectrometer
摘要：
本文报道了在20 MeV-1 GeV能量范围内宇宙线（CR）电子和正电子能谱的新测量结果。这些数据是在2018年5月从瑞典Esrange飞往加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的球载光谱仪AESOP-Lite（反电子亚轨道有效载荷）的首次飞行期间拍摄的。该仪器在平均海拔3 $^{-2}$的剩余大气中累积暴露超过130小时。该实验使用气体切伦科夫探测器和磁谱仪，由永久偶极磁体和硅条探测器（SSD）组成，以识别粒子类型并测量刚度。在质子和大气次级粒子的背景下探测到电子和正电子。电子和正电子的初级宇宙线谱，以及再入的宇宙射线通量，提取之间的20 MeV-1 GeV的太阳磁极性时期。低于100兆电子伏的正电子分数出现平坦，这表明扩散占主导地位的太阳能调制在低刚度。全电子光谱和比较模型从日光层数值传输代码。
英文摘要：
We report on a new measurement of the cosmic ray (CR) electron and positron spectra in the energy range of 20 MeV -- 1 GeV. The data were taken during the first flight of the balloon-borne spectrometer AESOP-Lite (Anti Electron Sub Orbital Payload), which was flown from Esrange, Sweden, to Ellesmere Island, Canada, in May 2018. The instrument accumulated over 130 hours of exposure at an average altitude of 3 g.cm$^{-2}$ of residual atmosphere. The experiment uses a gas Cherenkov detector and a magnetic spectrometer, consisting of a permanent dipole magnet and silicon strip detectors (SSDs), to identify particle type and measure the rigidity. Electrons and positrons were detected against a background of protons and atmospheric secondary particles. The primary cosmic ray spectra of electrons and positrons, as well as the re-entrant albedo fluxes, were extracted between 20 MeV -- 1 GeV during a positive solar magnetic polarity epoch. The positron fraction below 100 MeV appears flat, suggesting diffusion dominated solar modulation at low rigidity. The all-electron spectrum is presented and compared with models from a heliospheric numerical transport code.
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