多稳态机械超材料中的程序化非互易性和可逆性
Programming nonreciprocity and reversibility in multistable mechanical metamaterials
摘要：
非互易性可以通过利用材料的非线性来被动地实现。特别是，网络的非线性非对称的能量景观元件最近已被证明支持单向过渡波。然而，在这些系统中，只有当元件从较高能量阱切换到较低能量阱时，能量才能转移，从而允许一次性信号传输。在这里，我们表明，在一个机械超材料包括一个一维阵列的非互易性和可逆性可以独立编程，并不相互排斥。通过连接浅拱和对称的能量阱，降低能量势垒，我们设计了一个可逆的机械二极管，可以支持多个信号的传输。此外，通过交替拱对称和不对称的能量景观，我们实现了一个非互易链，使不同的过渡波在相反的方向传播。
英文摘要：
Nonreciprocity can be passively achieved by harnessing material nonlinearities. In particular, networks of nonlinear bistable elements with asymmetric energy landscapes have recently been shown to support unidirectional transition waves. However, in these systems energy can be transferred only when the elements switch from the higher to the lower energy well, allowing for a one-time signal transmission. Here, we show that in a mechanical metamaterial comprising a 1D array of bistable arches nonreciprocity and reversability can be independently programmed and are not mutually exclusive. By connecting shallow arches with symmetric energy wells and decreasing energy barriers, we design a reversible mechanical diode that can sustain multiple signal transmissions. Further, by alternating arches with symmetric and asymmetric energy landscapes we realize a nonreciprocal chain that enables propagation of different transition waves in opposite directions.
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