隐性言语和言语知觉中振荡特征的比较
A comparison of oscillatory characteristics in covert speech and speech perception
摘要：
人们越来越多地研究隐性言语，即在头脑中无声地产生词语，以理解和解码思想。这项任务经常被比作言语感知，因为它在共同的大脑区域带来了类似的地形激活模式。在言语理解的研究中，神经振荡被认为在不同时间尺度的言语采样中起着关键作用。然而，很少有人知道的作用，振荡在隐蔽言语。在这项研究中，我们的目的是确定在何种程度上每个振荡频带用于加工的话在隐蔽的言语和言语知觉任务。第二，我们询问两个任务中的θ和γ活动是否通过相位振幅耦合（PAC）相关。首先，连续小波变换进行历元信号，随后两个类之间的双尾t检验进行，以确定在频率和时间的统计差异。虽然知觉任务动态地使用具有更突出的θ和γ活性的所有频率，但内隐任务倾向于具有显著高于知觉的γ活性的更高频率。此外，知觉条件产生了显著的θ-γ PAC，表明音节和语音采样的联系。虽然这在隐性条件下被抑制，但我们发现感知θ和隐性言语γ之间存在显著的伪耦合。我们报告说，隐蔽的语音处理主要是由更高的频率进行的，γ和θ波段可能在不同的任务中分别起着相似和不同的作用。这项研究是第一个特征的神经振荡参与的隐言语。未来的研究是针对探索振荡的特点和任务间的关系，更多样化的词汇。
英文摘要：
Covert speech, the silent production of words in the mind, has been studied increasingly to understand and decode thoughts. This task has often been compared to speech perception as it brings about similar topographical activation patterns in common brain areas. In studies of speech comprehension, neural oscillations are thought to play a key role in the sampling of speech at varying temporal scales. However, very little is known about the role of oscillations in covert speech. In this study, we aimed to determine to what extent each oscillatory frequency band is used to process words in covert speech and speech perception tasks. Secondly, we asked whether the θ and γ activity in the two tasks are related through phase-amplitude coupling (PAC). First, continuous wavelet transform was performed on epoched signals and subsequently two-tailed t-tests between two classes were conducted to determine statistical distinctions in frequency and time. While the perception task dynamically uses all frequencies with more prominent θ and γ activity, the covert task favoured higher frequencies with significantly higher γ activity than perception. Moreover, the perception condition produced significant θ-γ PAC suggesting a linkage of syllabic and phonological sampling. Although this was found to be suppressed in the covert condition, we found significant pseudo-coupling between perception θ and covert speech γ. We report that covert speech processing is largely conducted by higher frequencies, and that the γ- and θ-bands may function similarly and differently across tasks, respectively. This study is the first to characterize covert speech in terms of neural oscillatory engagement. Future studies are directed to explore oscillatory characteristics and inter-task relationships with a more diverse vocabulary.
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