arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2009.02332astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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老恒星TOI-561周围的一个异常低密度超短周期超级地球和三个迷你海王星

An unusually low density ultra-short period super-Earth and three mini-Neptunes around the old star TOI-561

G. Lacedelli, L. Malavolta, L. Borsato, G. Piotto, D. Nardiello, A. Mortier, M. Stalport, A. Collier Cameron, E. Poretti, L. A. Buchhave, M. López-Morales, V. N… 展开作者

G. Lacedelli, L. Malavolta, L. Borsato, G. Piotto, D. Nardiello, A. Mortier, M. Stalport, A. Collier Cameron, E. Poretti, L. A. Buchhave, M. López-Morales, V. Nascimbeni, T. G. Wilson, S. Udry, D. W. Latham, A. S. Bonomo, M. Damasso, X. Dumusque, J. M. Jenkins, C. Lovis, K. Rice, D. Sasselov, J. N. Winn, G. Andreuzzi, R. Cosentino, D. Charbonneau, L. Di Fabrizio, A. F. Martinez Fiorenzano, A. Ghedina, A. Harutyunyan, F. Lienhard, G. Micela, E. Molinari, I. Pagano, F. Pepe, D. F. Phillips, M. Pinamonti, G. Ricker, G. Scandariato, A. Sozzetti, C. A. Watson

摘要:

基于HARPS-N的径向速度(RVs)和TESS测光,我们提出了一个完整的描述行星系统的晚G矮星TOI-561。在TESS确定了三颗凌日候选行星后,我们又通过RV分析发现了两颗额外的外行星。RV无法确认外部TESS过境候选者,这也会使系统动态不稳定。我们证明,最初与这个候选人有关的两个凌日是由于使用RV发现的两颗行星的单次凌日。围绕TOI-561运行的四颗行星包括一颗超短周期(USP)超级地球(TOI-561 b)周期为$P_{\rm b} = 0.45$ d,质量为$M_{\rm b} =1.59 \pm 0.36$ M $_\oplus$,半径为$R_{\rm b}=1.42 \pm 0.07$ R $_\oplus$,以及三个微型海王星:TOI-561 c,周期为$P_{\rm c} = 10.78$ d,质量为$M_{\rm b} =1.59 \pm 0.36$ M $_\oplus$,质量为$R_{\rm c}= 2.88 \pm 0.09$ R $_\oplus$ ; TOI-561 d,周期为$P_{\rm d} = 25.6$ d,质量为$M_{\rm d} = 11.9 \pm 1.3$ M $_\oplus$,质量为$R_{\rm d} = 2.53 \pm 0.13$ R $_\oplus$ ;和TOI-561 e,用$P_{\rm e} = 77.2$ d、$M_{\rm e} = 16.0 \pm 2.3$ M $_\oplus$、$R_{\rm e} = 2.67 \pm 0.11$ R $_\oplus$。TOI-561 b的密度为$3.0 \pm 0.8$ g cm $^{-3}$,是迄今为止已知密度最低的USP行星。我们的N体模拟证实了系统的稳定性,并预测了行星d和e之间的强,反相关,长期过境时间变化信号。内部超级地球的不寻常密度和外部行星之间的动力学相互作用使TOI-561成为一个有趣的后续目标。

英文摘要:

Based on HARPS-N radial velocities (RVs) and TESS photometry, we present a full characterisation of the planetary system orbiting the late G dwarf TOI-561. After the identification of three transiting candidates by TESS, we discovered two additional external planets from RV analysis. RVs cannot confirm the outer TESS transiting candidate, which would also make the system dynamically unstable. We demonstrate that the two transits initially associated with this candidate are instead due to single transits of the two planets discovered using RVs. The four planets orbiting TOI-561 include an ultra-short period (USP) super-Earth (TOI-561 b) with period $P_{\rm b} = 0.45$ d, mass $M_{\rm b} =1.59 \pm 0.36$ M$_\oplus$ and radius $R_{\rm b}=1.42 \pm 0.07$ R$_\oplus$, and three mini-Neptunes: TOI-561 c, with $P_{\rm c} = 10.78$ d, $M_{\rm c} = 5.40 \pm 0.98$ M$_\oplus$, $R_{\rm c}= 2.88 \pm 0.09$ R$_\oplus$; TOI-561 d, with $P_{\rm d} = 25.6$ d, $M_{\rm d} = 11.9 \pm 1.3$ M$_\oplus$, $R_{\rm d} = 2.53 \pm 0.13$ R$_\oplus$; and TOI-561 e, with $P_{\rm e} = 77.2$ d, $M_{\rm e} = 16.0 \pm 2.3$ M$_\oplus$, $R_{\rm e} = 2.67 \pm 0.11$ R$_\oplus$. Having a density of $3.0 \pm 0.8$ g cm$^{-3}$, TOI-561 b is the lowest density USP planet known to date. Our N-body simulations confirm the stability of the system and predict a strong, anti-correlated, long-term transit time variation signal between planets d and e. The unusual density of the inner super-Earth and the dynamical interactions between the outer planets make TOI-561 an interesting follow-up target.

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