水浸对耳塞音质的影响
Degradation effects of water immersion on earbud audio quality
摘要：
耳塞经常使用，可能会降低音质。事实上，耳塞的一个共同命运是被遗忘在口袋里，并面临洗衣周期（LC）。制造商对LC影响耳塞音质的程度的描述充其量是模糊的，让用户自己评估造成的损害。本文提供了一个系统的，实证的方法来衡量洗耳塞对音质的影响。三个耳塞对进行LC间隔24小时。在每次LC之后，使用专业麦克风以及中端市场智能手机来记录i）测试音ii）频率扫描和iii）通过耳塞播放的音乐信号。我们部署了混合效应模型，发现RMS噪声响度、总谐波失真（THD）以及耳塞频率响应变化的测量值显著下降。所有探头在第一次循环后均显示出降解，在第六次LC后，没有探头产生可测量的信号。在专业麦克风和智能手机录音中都可以检测到退化效应。我们希望目前的工作是建立一个实用的，生态有效的方法，为日常用户评估他们的个人耳塞退化程度的第一步。
英文摘要：
Earbuds are subjected to constant use and scenarios that may degrade sound quality. Indeed, a common fate of earbuds is being forgotten in pockets and faced with a laundry cycle (LC). Manufacturers' accounts of the extent to which LCs affect earbud sound quality are vague at best, leaving users to their own devices in assessing the damage caused. This paper offers a systematic, empirical approach to measure the effects of laundering earbuds on sound quality. Three earbud pairs were subjected to LCs spaced 24 hours apart. After each LC, a professional microphone as well as a mid-market smartphone were used to record i) a test tone ii) a frequency sweep and iii) a music signal played through the earbuds. We deployed mixed effects models and found significant degradation in terms of RMS noise loudness, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), as well as measures of change in the frequency responses of the earbuds. All transducers showed degradation already after the first cycle, and no transducers produced a measurable signal after the sixth LC. The degradation effects were detectable in both, the professional microphone as well as the smartphone recordings. We hope that the present work is a first step in establishing a practical, and ecologically valid method for everyday users to assess the degree of degradation of their personal earbuds.
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