科学新闻中的作者提及揭示了跨姓名推断族裔的广泛差异
Author Mentions in Science News Reveal Widespread Disparities Across Name-inferred Ethnicities
AI总结：
本研究基于288家美国媒体的22万余篇科学新闻，发现记者在报道中更少点名提及东亚、非洲等非盎格鲁姓名作者，机构归属与修辞选择只能部分解释该族裔差异。
摘要：
媒体机构在向公众传播科学知识以及提升研究人员在同行中的知名度方面发挥着关键作用。然而，记者如何选择在报道中呈现研究人员，目前仍知之甚少。我们利用一个涵盖288家美国媒体、223,587篇新闻报道的综合数据集，这些报道涉及所有科学领域的100,486篇研究论文，调查了根据姓名推断的作者族裔是否与记者是否明确点名提及他们相关。通过聚焦于新闻媒体选择报道的研究论文，我们的分析减少了姓名提及差异由研究质量或新闻价值差异驱动的担忧。我们发现，具有鲜明族裔特征的姓名在姓名提及率上存在显著差异。拥有非盎格鲁姓名的研究人员，尤其是东亚和非洲姓名的研究人员，在报道其研究的新闻报道中被提及的可能性显著更低；即使比较某一特定新闻媒体中、报道某一特定期刊上某一特定研究主题论文的报道，这一结论依然成立。这些差异不能完全由作者的所属机构所在地解释，这表明诸如安排采访困难等现实因素只起到部分作用。此外，在美国本土作者中，记者在提及非盎格鲁姓名作者时更常使用作者所属机构而非姓名，这表明记者的修辞选择也是关键因素。总体而言，本研究发现证据表明，研究人员在其研究的媒体报道中被描述的方式存在族裔差异，仅在我们的数据中，这就可能影响数千名拥有非盎格鲁姓名的学者。
英文摘要：
Media outlets play a key role in spreading scientific knowledge to the general public and raising the profile of researchers among their peers. Yet, how journalists choose to present researchers in their stories is poorly understood. Using a comprehensive dataset of 223,587 news stories from 288 U.S. outlets reporting on 100,486 research papers across all areas of science, we investigate if the authors' ethnicities, as inferred from names, are associated with whether journalists explicitly mention them by name. By focusing on research papers news outlets chose to cover, our analysis reduces concerns that differences in name mentions are driven by differences in research quality or newsworthiness. We find substantial disparities in name mention rates across ethnically-distinctive names. Researchers with non-Anglo names, especially those with East Asian and African names, are significantly less likely to be mentioned in news stories covering their research, even when comparing stories from a particular news outlet reporting on publications in a particular scientific venue on a particular research topic. The disparities are not fully explained by authors' affiliation locations, suggesting that pragmatic factors such as difficulties in scheduling interviews play only a partial role. Furthermore, among U.S.-based authors, journalists more often use authors' institutions instead of names when referring to non-Anglo-named authors, suggesting that journalists' rhetorical choices are also key. Overall, this study finds evidence of ethnic disparities in how researchers are described in the media coverage of their research, likely affecting thousands of non-Anglo-named scholars in our data alone.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
