对AO 0235+164变异现象的综合研究
A comprehensive study on the variation phenomena of AO 0235+164
摘要：
耀变体的变化机制是一个长期悬而未决的问题。偏振观测可以为我们提供更多的信息来约束模型。本文收集了AO 0235+164的多波长长期观测数据，利用局域交叉关联函数（LCCF）对它们进行了相关分析。我们发现，$γ$射线和光学{ \it V}波段光变曲线与射电光变曲线的相关性超过3个$σ$显著性水平。$γ$射线和光学的发射区在误差范围内重合，并且位于15 GHz核心区上游的{ $6.6_{-1.7}^{+0.6}$ } pc处，其超出宽线区（BLR）。颜色指数在低通量状态下显示出越亮越红（RWB）的趋势，而在高通量状态下则显示出越亮越蓝（BWB）的趋势。而$γ$射线谱指数则总是表现出较亮时较软（SWB）的趋势。我们认为，这种复杂的变化趋势可以解释为增加射流分量与两个恒定的组件。光通量耀斑和光光度耀斑是不同步的。似乎一个通量峰被两个PD峰夹在中间，这两个PD峰在$qu$平面中具有相反的旋转轨迹。螺旋喷流模型可以通过微调参数来示意性地显示这些偏振特性。视角的变化被认为是导致这些变化的主要变量，但也不能完全排除喷流模型或强子模型中的激波。
英文摘要：
The variation mechanism of blazars is a long standing open question. The polarization observation can provide us with more information to constrain models. In this work, we collect the long term multi-wavelength data of AO 0235+164, and make correlation analysis between them by using the local cross-correlation function (LCCF). We found that both $γ$-ray and the optical {\it V}-band light curves are correlated with the radio light curve at beyond 3$σ$ significance level. The emitting regions of the $γ$-ray and the optical coincide within errors, and locate at {$6.6_{-1.7}^{+0.6}$} pc upstream of the core region of 15 GHz, which are beyond the broad line region (BLR). The color index shows the redder when brighter (RWB) trend at the low flux state, but turns to the bluer when brighter (BWB) trend at the high flux state. While, the $γ$-ray spectral index always shows the softer when brighter (SWB) trend. We propose that such complex variation trends can be explained by the increasing jet component with two constant components. The {optical} PD flares and {optical} flux flares are not synchronous. It seems that one flux peak are sandwiched by two PD peaks, which have inverse rotation trajectories in the $qu$ plane. The helical jet model can schematically show these characteristics of polarization with fine tuned parameters. The change of viewing angle is suggested to be the primary variable which lead all these variations, although other possibilities like the shock in jet model or the hadronic model are not excluded completely.
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