在近期量子计算机上模拟多径隧道系统中的相干后向散射
Emulating coherent backscattering in multipath tunnel systems on a near-term Quantum computer
摘要：
超导量子比特在模拟相干后向散射或弱局域化（WL）和隧穿现象方面已经表现出了潜力，然而，在真实的多路径系统中，它们还没有得到验证。在这里，我们展示了如何通过在封闭路径（失谐盒）中构建多个散射中心和具有大电子返回概率（Pr）的隧道势垒来模拟双路径系统。隧道势垒的这种布置的结合可以增加额外的几何相位，并且分别在环和管中展示Aharonov-Bohm型振荡（phi）0和（phi/2）0。在双路径电路中的层间和层内隧穿的组合产生相位反转和随后的具有长相干时间的弱反定域（WAL）效应。最后，Pr的角度依赖性牢固地建立了双路径电路的稳定性，这也与由于路径间谐振而引起的相位反转相关联。
英文摘要：
Superconducting qubits already demonstrated potential in emulating coherent back scattering or weak localization (WL) and tunnelling phenomena however, in a real multipath system they have not been verified yet.Here we show how a double-path system can be emulated by a quantum device through construction of multiple scattering centers in closed paths (detune boxes) and tunnel barriers with a large return probability (Pr) of electrons. Incorporation of such arrangements of tunnel barriers can add an extra geometric phase and demonstrate Aharonov-Bohm type oscillations (phi)0 and (phi/2)0 in a ring and a tube, respectively. A combination of inter and intra layer tunnelling in a double-path circuit creates a phase reversal and subsequently weak anti-localization (WAL) effect with a long coherence time. Finally, angle dependence of Pr firmly establishes stability of the two-path circuit which is also associated with a phase reversal due to the inter-path resonance.
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