arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2008.13112astro-ph.IM
收藏

在数据驱动天文学的网络人类发现系统设计中理解人类

Understanding the human in the design of cyber-human discovery systems for data-driven astronomy

Christopher J. Fluke, Sarah E. Hegarty, Clare O. -M. MacMahon

摘要:

高质量、可用和有效的软件对于支持天文学家完成以发现为重点的数据分析和可视化任务至关重要。随着天文数据量的增长,也许更重要的是,随着数据速度的增长,天文学家的角色正在发生变化。现在越来越依赖自动化和自主发现和决策工作流程,而不是目视检查。我们断言,需要更好地了解天文学家(人类)目前如何从数据中进行视觉发现。这种洞察力是未来设计,开发和有效使用网络人类发现系统的关键因素,天文学家与自动化系统密切合作,从连续的实时数据流中获得理解。我们将讨论如何收集相关的人类表现数据,特别是针对视觉发现的专业知识和技能领域,以及认知因素的识别和管理。通过研究评估和衡量人类表现的其他学科,我们提出了四个早期应用程序:(1)允许天文学家评估并潜在地提高他们自己的视觉发现技能;(2)支持及时指导;(3)实现人才识别;(4)导致自动响应技能水平和认知状态的用户界面。在整个过程中,我们倡导用户研究的重要性,并将参与式设计和协同设计实践纳入替代用户界面和视觉发现环境的规划,实施和评估中。

英文摘要:

High-quality, usable, and effective software is essential for supporting astronomers in the discovery-focused tasks of data analysis and visualisation. As the volume, and perhaps more crucially, the velocity of astronomical data grows, the role of the astronomer is changing. There is now an increased reliance on automated and autonomous discovery and decision-making workflows rather than visual inspection. We assert the need for an improved understanding of how astronomers (humans) currently make visual discoveries from data. This insight is a critical element for the future design, development and effective use of cyber-human discovery systems, where astronomers work in close collaboration with automated systems to gain understanding from continuous, real-time data streams. We discuss how relevant human performance data could be gathered, specifically targeting the domains of expertise and skill at visual discovery, and the identification and management of cognitive factors. By looking to other disciplines where human performance is assessed and measured, we propose four early-stage applications that would: (1) allow astronomers to evaluate, and potentially improve, their own visual discovery skills; (2) support just-in-time coaching; (3) enable talent identification; and (4) result in user interfaces that automatically respond to skill level and cognitive state. Throughout, we advocate for the importance of user studies and the incorporation of participatory design and co-design practices into the planning, implementation and evaluation of alternative user interfaces and visual discovery environments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑