活动Ornstein Uhlenbeck粒子的统计力学
Statistical Mechanics of Active Ornstein Uhlenbeck Particles
摘要：
我们回顾和扩展的统计特性的主动奥恩斯坦乌伦贝克粒子（AOUP）的最新进展。在这个最简单的模型中，过阻尼布朗胶体的高斯白噪声被高斯有色噪声所取代。这足以使该系统具有活性物质的标志性特性，同时仍允许分析进展。我们首先详细的AOUP的稳定状态的小持续时间限制的微扰推导。我们证明了存在一个有效的平衡制度，其中详细的平衡是遵守相对于非玻尔兹曼分布和详细的相应的波动耗散定理。然后，我们通过计算几个相关的观测值（熵产生，棘轮电流）的特点偏离平衡。在集体水平上，我们显示AOUP经历运动诱导的相分离，无论是在成对的力量的存在下，或由于群体感应相互作用。后者可以通过考虑具有空间变化的推进速度或持续时间的AOUP的稳态来解释。最后，我们讨论了如何新兴的属性AOUP可以从他们的集体模式，我们明确构建的动力学的特点。
英文摘要：
We review and extend recent developments on the statistical properties of Active Ornstein Uhlenbeck particles (AOUPs). In this simplest of models, the Gaussian white noise of overdamped Brownian colloids is replaced by a Gaussian colored noise. This suffice to grant this system the hallmark properties of active matter, while still allowing for analytical progress. We first detail the perturbative derivation of the steady state of AOUPs in the small persistence time limit. We show the existence of an effective equilibrium regime in which detailed-balance is obeyed with respect to a non-Boltzmann distribution and detail the corresponding fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We then characterize the departure from equilibrium by computing several relevant observables (entropy production, ratchet current). At the collective level, we show AOUPs to experience motility-induced phase separation both in the presence of pairwise forces or due to quorum-sensing interactions. The latter can be accounted for by considering the steady-state of AOUPs with spatially varying propulsion speed or persistence time. Finally, we discuss how the emerging properties of AOUPs can be characterized from the dynamics of their collective modes, which we construct explicitly.
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