物理学、决定论和大脑
Physics, Determinism, and the Brain
摘要：
本文回应了这样一种说法，即基本微观物理学的因果闭合决定了大脑的结果，这是一个原则问题，即使我们不能希望在实践中进行必要的计算。在我的两篇论文中，我首先声称，向下因果关系使真正的因果力量能够在生物学（因此也在大脑中）的更高涌现水平上发生[arXiv：2004.13591]，其次，因果闭合实际上是一种甚至涉及社会水平的跨水平事件[arXiv：2006.00972]，卡洛·罗韦利与我进行了一次对话，他有力地重申了还原论的立场，即微观物理学单独决定了一切，特别是大脑的功能。在这里，我对这一主张进行了深入的回应，声称如果一个人首先考虑到共时和历时涌现之间的区别，其次认真对待生物学的普遍性质，特别是神经科学，我的立场确实是正确的。
英文摘要：
This paper responds to claims that causal closure of the underlying microphysics determines brain outcomes as a matter of principle, even if we cannot hope to ever carry out the needed calculations in practice. Following two papers of mine where I claim firstly that downward causation enables genuine causal powers to occur at higher emergent levels in biology (and hence in the brain) [arXiv:2004.13591], and that secondly causal closure is in reality an interlevel affair involving even social levels [arXiv:2006.00972], Carlo Rovelli has engaged with me in a dialogue where he forcefully restates the reductionist position that microphysics alone determines all, specifically the functioning of the brain. Here I respond to that claim in depth, claiming that if one firstly takes into account the difference between synchronic and diachronic emergence, and secondly takes seriously the well established nature of biology in general and neuroscience in particular, my position is indeed correct.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
