裁员、不平等与COVID-19：2012 - 2020年澳大利亚新闻业就业危机的纵向研究
Layoffs, Inequity and COVID-19: A Longitudinal Study of the Journalism Jobs Crisis in Australia from 2012 to 2020
摘要：
据报道，在澳大利亚及其他地区，新闻业是一个处于危机中的行业，而COVID-19加剧了这一危机。然而，揭示危机的证据往往是轶事或范围有限。在这项前所未有的纵向研究中，我们利用了2012年1月至2020年3月澳大利亚新闻业就业市场的数据。使用数据科学和机器学习技术，我们分析了两个不同的数据集：招聘广告（广告）数据，包括来自800多万澳大利亚招聘广告语料库的3，698个记者招聘广告;以及来自澳大利亚统计局的官方就业数据。在匹配和分析了这两个来源后，我们讨论了在这一关键时期澳大利亚记者的需求和供应。数据显示，危机是真实存在的，但也有惊喜。与直觉相反，澳大利亚的新闻业招聘广告数量从2012年到2016年一直在上升，然后下降。不那么令人惊讶的是，在研究的整个时期，数据显示出极端的波动性，其特点是巨大而不稳定的波动。数据还清楚地表明，COVID-19使危机严重恶化。然后，我们梳理出更细致的发现，包括：现在澳大利亚的女记者比男记者多，但性别不平等正在恶化，女记者越来越年轻，收入越来越低，而男记者平均来说，年龄越来越大，收入越来越高;尽管危机困扰着这个行业，但对新闻技能的需求有所增加;也许令人担忧的是，新闻业招聘广告所要求的技能越来越多地包括社交媒体和通才沟通。
英文摘要：
In Australia and beyond, journalism is reportedly an industry in crisis, a crisis exacerbated by COVID-19. However, the evidence revealing the crisis is often anecdotal or limited in scope. In this unprecedented longitudinal research, we draw on data from the Australian journalism jobs market from January 2012 until March 2020. Using Data Science and Machine Learning techniques, we analyse two distinct data sets: job advertisements (ads) data comprising 3,698 journalist job ads from a corpus of over 8 million Australian job ads; and official employment data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Having matched and analysed both sources, we address both the demand for and supply of journalists in Australia over this critical period. The data show that the crisis is real, but there are also surprises. Counter-intuitively, the number of journalism job ads in Australia rose from 2012 until 2016, before falling into decline. Less surprisingly, for the entire period studied the figures reveal extreme volatility, characterised by large and erratic fluctuations. The data also clearly show that COVID-19 has significantly worsened the crisis. We then tease out more granular findings, including: that there are now more women than men journalists in Australia, but that gender inequity is worsening, with women journalists getting younger and worse-paid just as men journalists are, on average, getting older and better-paid; that, despite the crisis besetting the industry, the demand for journalism skills has increased; and that, perhaps concerningly, the skills sought by journalism job ads increasingly include social media and generalist communications.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
