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arXiv 2008.11990cs.LGstat.ML
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结构输出空间中组合问题多解之一的神经学习

Neural Learning of One-of-Many Solutions for Combinatorial Problems in Structured Output Spaces

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi(印度理工学院德里分校)

Yatin Nandwani, Deepanshu Jindal, Mausam, Parag Singla

摘要:

最近的研究提出了解决结构化输出空间中的组合问题的神经架构。在许多这样的问题中,对于给定的输入可能存在多个解决方案,例如,部分填充的数独难题可能有许多满足所有约束的完成。此外,我们通常对找到任何一种可能的解决方案感兴趣,而不对它们进行任何偏好。现有的方法完全忽略了这种解决方案的多样性。在本文中,我们认为,被遗忘的存在多个解决方案可能会严重阻碍他们的训练能力。我们的贡献是双重的。首先,我们正式定义了学习的任务之一的多个解决方案的组合问题的结构化输出空间,这是适用于解决几个问题的兴趣,如N皇后,数独。其次,我们提出了一个通用的学习框架,适应现有的预测网络的组合问题,以处理解决方案的多样性。我们的框架使用了一个选择模块,其目标是为每个输入动态确定在任何给定的学习迭代中训练网络参数最有效的解决方案。我们提出了一种基于强化学习的方法来联合训练选择模块和预测网络。在三个不同的域上进行的实验,使用两个不同的预测网络,表明我们的框架显着提高了我们设置的准确性,在基线上获得了高达21 pt的增益。

英文摘要:

Recent research has proposed neural architectures for solving combinatorial problems in structured output spaces. In many such problems, there may exist multiple solutions for a given input, e.g. a partially filled Sudoku puzzle may have many completions satisfying all constraints. Further, we are often interested in finding any one of the possible solutions, without any preference between them. Existing approaches completely ignore this solution multiplicity. In this paper, we argue that being oblivious to the presence of multiple solutions can severely hamper their training ability. Our contribution is two fold. First, we formally define the task of learning one-of-many solutions for combinatorial problems in structured output spaces, which is applicable for solving several problems of interest such as N-Queens, and Sudoku. Second, we present a generic learning framework that adapts an existing prediction network for a combinatorial problem to handle solution multiplicity. Our framework uses a selection module, whose goal is to dynamically determine, for every input, the solution that is most effective for training the network parameters in any given learning iteration. We propose an RL based approach to jointly train the selection module with the prediction network. Experiments on three different domains, and using two different prediction networks, demonstrate that our framework significantly improves the accuracy in our setting, obtaining up to 21 pt gain over the baselines.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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