封锁效应：COVID-19大流行对互联网流量的影响
The Lockdown Effect: Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Internet Traffic
摘要：
由于COVID-19大流行，许多政府实施封锁，迫使数亿公民留在家中。限制措施的实施增加了居民用户对互联网流量的需求，特别是远程工作、娱乐、商业和教育的需求，结果导致互联网核心的流量发生变化。在本文中，使用数据从一组不同的有利位置（一个ISP，三个IXP，和一个大城市的教育网络），我们研究这些封锁对交通变化的影响。我们发现，交通量几乎在一周内增加了15-20%-虽然总体上仍然温和，但这在这短时间内构成了很大的增长。然而，尽管出现了这种激增，我们观察到互联网基础设施能够处理新的流量，因为大多数流量变化发生在传统的高峰时间之外。当直接观察流量来源时，我们发现，虽然超级巨人仍然贡献了很大一部分流量，但我们看到（1）非超级巨人的流量增长更快，（2）人们在家使用的应用程序的流量增加，例如Web会议，VPN和游戏。虽然许多网络的流量需求有所增加，特别是那些为住宅用户提供服务的网络，但学术网络的流量总体上大幅下降。然而，在这些网络中，当考虑与远程工作和授课相关的应用时，我们可以观察到大幅增长。
英文摘要：
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments imposed lock downs that forced hundreds of millions of citizens to stay at home. The implementation of confinement measures increased Internet traffic demands of residential users, in particular, for remote working, entertainment, commerce, and education, which, as a result, caused traffic shifts in the Internet core. In this paper, using data from a diverse set of vantage points (one ISP, three IXPs, and one metropolitan educational network), we examine the effect of these lockdowns on traffic shifts. We find that the traffic volume increased by 15-20% almost within a week--while overall still modest, this constitutes a large increase within this short time period. However, despite this surge, we observe that the Internet infrastructure is able to handle the new volume, as most traffic shifts occur outside of traditional peak hours. When looking directly at the traffic sources, it turns out that, while hypergiants still contribute a significant fraction of traffic, we see (1) a higher increase in traffic of non-hypergiants, and (2) traffic increases in applications that people use when at home, such as Web conferencing, VPN, and gaming. While many networks see increased traffic demands, in particular, those providing services to residential users, academic networks experience major overall decreases. Yet, in these networks, we can observe substantial increases when considering applications associated to remote working and lecturing.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
