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arXiv 2008.09943cs.CLcs.AIquant-ph
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用于问答的纠缠嵌入量子语言模型

Quantum Language Model with Entanglement Embedding for Question Answering

Zhejiang University(浙江大学);University of New South Wales(新南威尔士大学)

Yiwei Chen, Yu Pan, Daoyi Dong

摘要:

量子语言模型(QLM),其中的话被建模为量子叠加的义素已表现出高层次的模型透明性和良好的事后解释能力。然而,在目前的文献中,字序列基本上被建模为一个经典的混合字状态,不能充分利用量子概率描述的潜力。一个完整的量子模型还有待开发,以明确捕捉单词序列中的非经典相关性。提出了一种神经网络模型,该模型引入了一个新的纠缠嵌入(EE)模块,其功能是将字序列转化为多体量子系统的纠缠纯态。强量子纠缠是量子信息的核心概念,也是单词之间并行相关性的一个标志,在单词序列中可以观察到。数值实验表明,与经典的深度神经网络模型和其他QLM相比,所提出的QLM with EE(QLM-EE)在问答(QA)数据集上实现了更好的性能。此外,通过量化词之间的纠缠程度,可以提高模型的事后可解释性。

英文摘要:

Quantum Language Models (QLMs) in which words are modelled as quantum superposition of sememes have demonstrated a high level of model transparency and good post-hoc interpretability. Nevertheless, in the current literature word sequences are basically modelled as a classical mixture of word states, which cannot fully exploit the potential of a quantum probabilistic description. A full quantum model is yet to be developed to explicitly capture the non-classical correlations within the word sequences. We propose a neural network model with a novel Entanglement Embedding (EE) module, whose function is to transform the word sequences into entangled pure states of many-body quantum systems. Strong quantum entanglement, which is the central concept of quantum information and an indication of parallelized correlations among the words, is observed within the word sequences. Numerical experiments show that the proposed QLM with EE (QLM-EE) achieves superior performance compared with the classical deep neural network models and other QLMs on Question Answering (QA) datasets. In addition, the post-hoc interpretability of the model can be improved by quantizing the degree of entanglement among the words.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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