利用振弦产生的电压测量磁场
Measurement of magnetic fields using the voltage generated by a vibrating wire
摘要：
振弦可以用作具有多种应用的仪器，其中之一是磁场的测量。通常，磁场通过测量在洛伦兹力作用下导线振动的振幅来确定。虽然这种方法一般来说是足够的，但在某些情况下可能不方便。其中之一发生在需要测量高频振动的振幅时，因为预期振幅随频率线性减小，因此变得难以测量。另一个例子可以在传感器必须在很宽的振动频率范围内工作的情况下找到。在这种情况下，传感器将对由传感器的放置确定的特定频率的线振动无响应。这意味着，为了使仪器具有鲁棒性，传感器必须精确移动，或者必须使用多个传感器。这里描述了一种可以用于补充位移传感器的技术。这种技术利用导线在被测磁场中运动产生的电压。预计该技术可能更适合于需要高频振动的测量，并且对所有振动频率都敏感。使用这种技术获得的磁场的测量结果进行比较，发现只使用一个位移传感器，该技术的优点和缺点进行了讨论。
英文摘要：
A vibrating wire may be used as an instrument with a variety of applications, one of which is the measurement of magnetic fields. Often, the magnetic fields are determined by measuring the amplitude of the wire vibration under the action of a Lorentz force. Though generally adequate, this approach may be inconvenient in certain circumstances. One of these occurs when it is necessary to measure the amplitude of high-frequency vibration, as the amplitude is expected to decrease linearly with frequency, and thus becomes harder to measure. Another example may be found in situations where the sensor must operate over a wide range of vibration frequencies. In this case the sensor will be unresponsive to specific frequencies of wire vibration, which are determined by the placement of the sensor. This means that for the instrument to be robust, the sensor must be precisely mobile, or multiple sensors must be used. Here a technique which may be used to supplement the displacement sensor is described. This technique makes use of the voltage generated by the motion of the wire in the magnetic field under measurement. It is predicted that the technique may be more suitable for measurements requiring high frequency vibration, and is sensitive to all frequencies of vibration. Measurements of a magnetic field obtained using this technique are compared to those found using only a displacement sensor, and the benefits and drawbacks of the technique are discussed.
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