颗粒材料中声音阻尼：构型无序与非弹性作用的相互作用
Sound damping in frictionless granular materials: The interplay between configurational disorder and inelasticity
AI总结：
研究二维颗粒材料中声音阻尼机制，通过模拟驻波演化和分析速度自相关函数与功率谱，探讨非弹性相互作用对声学特性的影响，发现非弹性作用主导了构型无序引起的声衰减。
摘要：
我们数值研究了二维颗粒材料中的声音阻尼现象。我们模拟了无摩擦颗粒的驻波演化，并通过速度自相关函数和功率谱分析其衰减振荡。我们通过控制颗粒接触处的非弹性相互作用强度，以研究能量耗散对无序系统声学特性的影响。增加非弹性相互作用强度时，发现（i）声软化消失，（ii）由于构型无序引起的声衰减，即低频下的瑞利散射和高频下的无序诱导展宽，完全由能量耗散主导。我们的发现表明，颗粒介质中的声音阻尼由弹性异质性和非弹性相互作用的相互作用决定。
英文摘要：
We numerically investigate sound damping in a model of granular materials in two dimensions. We simulate evolution of standing waves in disordered frictionless disks and analyze their damped oscillations by velocity autocorrelation functions and power spectra. We control the strength of inelastic interactions between the disks in contact to examine the effect of energy dissipation on sound characteristics of disordered systems. Increasing the strength of inelastic interactions, we find that (i) sound softening vanishes and (ii) sound attenuation due to configurational disorder, i.e. the Rayleigh scattering at low frequencies and disorder-induced broadening at high frequencies, is completely dominated by the energy dissipation. Our findings suggest that sound damping in granular media is determined by the interplay between elastic heterogeneities and inelastic interactions.
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