SPIRou：CFHT上的nIR测速仪和旋光光谱仪
SPIRou: nIR velocimetry & spectropolarimetry at the CFHT
摘要：
本文介绍了SPIRou，新一代近红外光谱偏振仪/精密测速仪最近安装在3.6米加拿大-法国-夏威夷望远镜（CFHT）的概述。从两个主要的科学目标开始，即寻找附近M矮星周围的行星系统和磁化恒星/行星形成的研究，我们概述了旨在有效解决这些前沿课题的仪器概念，详细介绍实验室内和在2019年初通过最终验收审查之前，在SPIRou提交的整个密集测试阶段测量的天空仪器性能开始科学观察。SPIRou遗产调查（SLS）大型项目在新启动的项目中占据中心地位，至少在2022年年中之前分配了300个CFHT夜晚。我们还简要介绍了一些第一批获得的结果在各种科学主题，SPIRou开始调查，特别是对附近的M矮星，凌日系外行星及其大气，年轻恒星的磁场的行星系统，但也对替代的科学目标，如M矮星和地球的大气层的大气。最后，我们总结了SPIRou和CFHT在未来十年内与JWST，ELT，PLATO和ARIEL等主要设施协调时可以发挥的重要作用。
英文摘要：
This paper presents an overview of SPIRou, the new-generation near-infrared spectropolarimeter / precision velocimeter recently installed on the 3.6-m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Starting from the two main science goals, namely the quest for planetary systems around nearby M dwarfs and the study of magnetized star / planet formation, we outline the instrument concept that was designed to efficiently address these forefront topics, and detail the in-lab and on-sky instrument performances measured throughout the intensive testing phase that SPIRou was submitted to before passing the final acceptance review in early 2019 and initiating science observations. With a central position among the newly started programmes, the SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS) Large Programme was allocated 300 CFHT nights until at least mid 2022. We also briefly describe a few of the first results obtained in the various science topics that SPIRou started investigating, focusing in particular on planetary systems of nearby M dwarfs, transiting exoplanets and their atmospheres, magnetic fields of young stars, but also on alternate science goals like the atmospheres of M dwarfs and the Earth's atmosphere. We finally conclude on the essential role that SPIRou and the CFHT can play in coordination with forthcoming major facilities like the JWST, the ELTs, PLATO and ARIEL over the decade.
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