通过优化的微结构设计天然材料的热能收集装置
Designing thermal energy harvesting devices with natural materials through optimized microstructures
摘要：
由变换光学获得的超材料热能器件由于其在能量存储、热收集或热操纵方面的巨大潜力，近年来引起了广泛的关注。然而，这些设备通常需要不均匀和极端的材料参数，这在大规模应用中难以实现。在这里，我们展示了一个一般的过程，设计热收集装置与可用的天然材料，通过优化的复合材料微结构。我们应用双尺度均匀化理论来获得微结构的有效性质。最佳拉丁超立方技术，结合遗传算法，然后实施的微结构，以实现优化的设计参数。优化后的微结构可以准确地逼近相变材料的行为。我们设计这样的设备和数值表征良好的热能收集性能。为了验证我们的方法的广泛应用，我们说明了其他类型的微观结构，以及模仿的本构参数。我们提出的方法可用于设计现有技术可用的新型热收集设备，也可以作为探索其他转换光学启用设计的有益工具。
英文摘要：
Metamaterial thermal energy devices obtained from transformation optics have recently attracted wide attention due to their vast potential in energy storage, thermal harvesting or heat manipulation. However, these devices usually require inhomogeneous and extreme material parameters which are difficult to realize in large-scale applications. Here, we demonstrate a general process to design thermal harvesting devices with available natural materials through optimized composite microstructures. We apply two-scale homogenization theory to obtain effective properties of the microstructures. Optimal Latin hypercube technique, combined with a genetic algorithm, is then implemented on the microstructures to achieve optimized design parameters. The optimized microstructures can accurately approximate the behavior of transformed materials. We design such devices and numerically characterize good thermal-energy harvesting performances. To validate the wide-range application of our approach, we illustrate other types of microstructures that mimic well the constitutive parameters. The approach we propose can be used to design novel thermal harvesting devices available with existing technology, and can also act as a beneficial vehicle to explore other transformation optics enabled designs.
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