arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2008.08807cs.CR
收藏

不是一个而是很多权衡:不同私有机器学习中的隐私与效用

Not one but many Tradeoffs: Privacy Vs. Utility in Differentially Private Machine Learning

Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao, Mohamed Ali Kaafar, Nicolas Kourtellis

摘要:

数据持有者越来越多地寻求保护用户的隐私,同时仍然最大限度地提高他们生产具有高质量预测的机器模型的能力。在这项工作中,我们根据经验评估了差分隐私(DP)的各种实现,并衡量它们抵御现实世界隐私攻击的能力,以及衡量它们提供准确分类的核心目标。我们建立了一个评估框架,以确保这些实现中的每一个都得到公平的评估。我们选择的DP实现在框架内的不同位置添加DP噪声,无论是在数据汇集/发布时,在模型训练时的更新期间,还是在通过扰动学习的模型参数进行训练之后。我们在一系列隐私预算和数据集上评估每个实现,每个实现都提供相同的数学隐私保证。通过测量模型对真实世界的成员和属性推断攻击的抵抗力,以及它们的分类准确性。我们确定哪些实现提供了隐私和实用性之间最理想的折衷。我们发现,给定数据集的类的数量不太可能影响隐私和效用权衡的发生。此外,在需要高隐私约束的场景中,与ML过程中稍后添加的噪声相比,扰动输入训练数据不会牺牲同样多的效用。

英文摘要:

Data holders are increasingly seeking to protect their user's privacy, whilst still maximizing their ability to produce machine models with high quality predictions. In this work, we empirically evaluate various implementations of differential privacy (DP), and measure their ability to fend off real-world privacy attacks, in addition to measuring their core goal of providing accurate classifications. We establish an evaluation framework to ensure each of these implementations are fairly evaluated. Our selection of DP implementations add DP noise at different positions within the framework, either at the point of data collection/release, during updates while training of the model, or after training by perturbing learned model parameters. We evaluate each implementation across a range of privacy budgets, and datasets, each implementation providing the same mathematical privacy guarantees. By measuring the models' resistance to real world attacks of membership and attribute inference, and their classification accuracy. we determine which implementations provide the most desirable tradeoff between privacy and utility. We found that the number of classes of a given dataset is unlikely to influence where the privacy and utility tradeoff occurs. Additionally, in the scenario that high privacy constraints are required, perturbing input training data does not trade off as much utility, as compared to noise added later in the ML process.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑