探测量子气体的脉冲离子显微镜
A pulsed ion microscope to probe quantum gases
摘要：
量子气体显微镜的出现，使得超冷气体物质的原位探测达到了前所未有的空间分辨率。然而，对于所有基于线性光学的技术来说，在更小的长度尺度上研究现象以及探测三维系统，从根本上受到成像光波长的限制。在这里，我们报告的高分辨率离子显微镜作为一个多功能和强大的实验工具，调查量子气体。该仪器清楚地解决了原子的光晶格间距为$532\,\text{nm}$超过50个网站的视野，并提供了一个非常大的景深的数量级至少$70\,μ\text{m}$。通过一个简单的模型，我们从我们的数据中提取了一个大约为$200\,\text{nm}$的可实现分辨率的上限。我们展示了一种脉冲操作模式，在未来将使3D成像，并允许离子杂质和里德堡物理的研究。
英文摘要：
The advent of the quantum gas microscope allowed for the in situ probing of ultracold gaseous matter on an unprecedented level of spatial resolution. The study of phenomena on ever smaller length scales as well as the probing of three-dimensional systems is, however, fundamentally limited by the wavelength of the imaging light, for all techniques based on linear optics. Here we report on a high-resolution ion microscope as a versatile and powerful experimental tool to investigate quantum gases. The instrument clearly resolves atoms in an optical lattice with a spacing of $532\,\text{nm}$ over a field of view of 50 sites and offers an extremely large depth of field on the order of at least $70\,μ\text{m}$. With a simple model, we extract an upper limit for the achievable resolution of approximately $200\,\text{nm}$ from our data. We demonstrate a pulsed operation mode which in the future will enable 3D imaging and allow for the study of ionic impurities and Rydberg physics.
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