大系统开发中边界对象和方法岛的建模与分析
Modeling and Analysis of Boundary Objects and Methodological Islands in Large-Scale Systems Development
摘要：
大型企业通常面临着在不同组织群体之间管理相关知识的挑战，特别是在日益敏捷的环境中。在以前的研究中，我们发现了分析方法岛的重要性（即，使用与周围组织不同的开发方法的团体）以及它们之间的边界对象。在本文中，我们提出了一个元模型，以更好地捕捉和分析在实践中的协调和知识管理。这样一个元模型可以让从业者描述当前的实践，分析问题，并设计更适合的协调机制。我们与开发复杂系统的四家大型公司一起评估了概念模型。特别是，我们得出了一个最初的不良气味列表，可以用来检测问题，并为大规模开发中的团队间协调制定合适的改进策略。我们介绍了模型，气味和我们的评估结果。
英文摘要：
Large-scale companies commonly face the challenge of managing relevant knowledge between different organizational groups, particularly in increasingly agile contexts. In previous studies, we found the importance of analyzing methodological islands (i.e., groups using different development methods than the surrounding organization) and boundary objects between them. In this paper, we propose a metamodel to better capture and analyze coordination and knowledge management in practice. Such a metamodel can allow practitioners to describe current practices, analyze issues, and design better-suited coordination mechanisms. We evaluated the conceptual model together with four large-scale companies developing complex systems. In particular, we derived an initial list of bad smells that can be leveraged to detect issues and devise suitable improvement strategies for inter-team coordination in large-scale development. We present the model, smells, and our evaluation results.
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