单向旋转分子中的回波
Echoes in Unidirectionally Rotating Molecules
摘要：
摘要本文报道了分子单向旋转回波的实验观测，并从经典力学和量子力学两个方面分析了其起源和行为。分子被两个时间延迟的偏振扭曲的超短激光脉冲激发，并且通过爆炸分子并从检测到的反冲离子动量重建其空间取向来测量回波。与线性偏振脉冲引起的对准回波不同，这里的轴对称性被扭曲的偏振打破，引起分子单向旋转。我们发现，即使当第二脉冲的强度比第一脉冲的强度弱得多时，回波的旋转方向也受第二脉冲的扭曲方向的支配。在我们的理论研究中，我们依赖于经典的相空间分析和三维量子模拟的激光驱动的分子动力学。这两种方法都很好地再现了实验结果。一般的回波，特别是独特的UDR回波，为研究致密分子气体中的弛豫过程提供了新的工具。
英文摘要：
Abstract We report the experimental observation of molecular unidirectional rotation (UDR) echoes, and analyze their origin and behavior both classically and quantum mechanically. The molecules are excited by two time-delayed polarization-twisted ultrashort laser pulses and the echoes are measured by exploding the molecules and reconstructing their spatial orientation from the detected recoil ions momenta. Unlike alignment echoes which are induced by linearly polarized pulses, here the axial symmetry is broken by the twisted polarization, giving rise to molecular unidirectional rotation. We find that the rotation sense of the echo is governed by the twisting sense of the second pulse even when its intensity is much weaker than the intensity of the first pulse. In our theoretical study, we rely on classical phase space analysis and on three-dimensional quantum simulations of the laser-driven molecular dynamics. Both approaches nicely reproduce the experimental results. Echoes in general, and the unique UDR echoes in particular, provide new tools for studies of relaxation processes in dense molecular gases.
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