利用弱硬约束改进系统Fault Tolerance的功能和时序保证
Leveraging Weakly-hard Constraints for Improving System Fault Tolerance with Functional and Timing Guarantees
摘要：
许多安全关键的实时系统运行在恶劣的环境下，并受到瞬态或间歇性故障引起的软错误。在这些系统中应用容错技术是至关重要的，但往往是非常具有挑战性的，由于其资源的限制和严格的时间和功能的约束。在这项工作中，我们利用弱硬约束的概念，它允许任务的最后期限错过在一个有界的方式，以提高系统的能力，以适应容错技术，同时确保时间和功能的正确性。特别是，我们1）定量测量控制成本在不同的截止日期击中/错过的情况下，并确定弱硬约束，保证控制稳定性，2）采用典型的最坏情况分析（TWCA），以限制的截止日期错过的数量和近似的系统控制成本，3）开发一种基于事件的仿真方法来检查任务执行模式并评估任何给定解决方案的系统控制成本;启发式算法，包括启发式方法和模拟退火过程，以探索设计空间。我们的实验上的工业案例研究和一组合成的例子证明了我们的方法的有效性。
英文摘要：
Many safety-critical real-time systems operate under harsh environment and are subject to soft errors caused by transient or intermittent faults. It is critical and yet often very challenging to apply fault tolerance techniques in these systems, due to their resource limitations and stringent constraints on timing and functionality. In this work, we leverage the concept of weakly-hard constraints, which allows task deadline misses in a bounded manner, to improve system's capability to accommodate fault tolerance techniques while ensuring timing and functional correctness. In particular, we 1) quantitatively measure control cost under different deadline hit/miss scenarios and identify weak-hard constraints that guarantee control stability, 2) employ typical worst-case analysis (TWCA) to bound the number of deadline misses and approximate system control cost, 3) develop an event-based simulation method to check the task execution pattern and evaluate system control cost for any given solution and 4) develop a meta-heuristic algorithm that consists of heuristic methods and a simulated annealing procedure to explore the design space. Our experiments on an industrial case study and a set of synthetic examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
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