通过碳纳米管纤维的整合实现的耐损伤的层压结构超级电容器复合材料
Damage-tolerant, laminated structural supercapacitor composites enabled by integration of carbon nanotube fibres
摘要：
结合能量储存能力和结构机械性能的多功能材料的自然实施例是层状结构，类似于层压结构复合材料和电化学能量储存装置。一种具有集成双电层电容存储的结构复合材料，通过树脂灌注叠层来生产，所述叠层包括用作机械增强的织造玻璃织物、用作电极/集电器的碳纳米管非织造织物和聚合物电解质。能量存储层图案化有孔，其在集成之后形成用于层之间的机械互连的树脂塞，类似于铆钉。有限元建模用于优化铆钉形状和面密度对层间剪切性能的影响。在三点弯曲过程中的恒电流充电放电测试表明，在3.5 V下的大挠度或重复加载/卸载循环后，性能没有退化。这种机械公差是消除金属集电器和多功能材料的有效集成的结果，如通过电子显微镜和X射线计算机断层成像观察到的。相比之下，具有金属集电器的对照样品，类似于嵌入式装置，在反复弯曲时迅速降解。
英文摘要：
A natural embodiment for multifunctional materials combining energy-storing capabilities and structural mechanical properties are layered structures, similar to both laminate structural composites and electrochemical energy storage devices. A structural composite with integrated electric double layer capacitive storage is produced by resin infusion of a lay up including woven glass fabric used as mechanical reinforcement, carbon nanotube non-woven fabrics as electrodes/current collectors and a polymer electrolyte. The energy-storing layer is patterned with holes, which after integration form resin plugs for mechanical interconnection between layers, similar to rivets. Finite element modelling is used to optimise rivet shape and areal density on interlaminar shear properties. Galvanostatic charge discharge tests during three point bending show no degradation of properties after large deflections or repeated load/unload cycling at 3.5 V.This mechanical tolerance is a consequence of the elimination of metallic current collectors and the effective integration of multifunctional materials, as observed by electron microscopy and X-ray computed tomography. In contrast, control samples with metallic current collectors, analogous to embedded devices, rapidly degrade upon repeated bending.
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