arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2008.04309astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HEgr-qc
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坍缩吸积盘中的核燃烧

Nuclear Burning in Collapsar Accretion Disks

Yossef Zenati, Daniel M. Siegel, Brian D. Metzger, Hagai B. Perets

摘要:

大质量快速旋转恒星的核心坍缩被认为是长持续时间伽马射线暴(GRB)及其相关高能超新星(SNe)的前身。在坍缩后的早期,相对较低的角动量物质会从下落的恒星包层中循环到位于黑洞视界外的吸积盘中,从而产生高吸积率,为伽马射线暴喷流提供动力。在这些小半径的磁盘中平面的温度是足够高的离解核,而从磁盘的流出可以是中子丰富,并可能合成r-过程的核。然而,在稍后的时间,对于高的祖先角动量,恒星包层的外层可以在更大的半径$\gtrsim 10^{7}$ cm处圆化,在那里核反应可以在盘中平面发生(例如~ $^{4}$ $^{16}$ Ne + $γ$)。在这里,我们探讨了核燃烧的影响,通过流体动力学$α$ -粘性环面模拟耦合到一个19-同位素核反应网络,这是为了模仿晚落时代在Eksar演化时,环面的粘性时间已成为可比的信封回落时间的Eksar吸积盘和它们的流出。我们的研究结果解决了几个关键问题,如静态燃烧和吸积与爆轰的条件和产生的$^{56}$镍盘流出,我们表明,这可能有助于显着供电GRB超新星。位于最慢的,最内层的喷出物,后者可以提供必要的放射性加热源,使光谱特征的r-过程元素可见的晚时间GRB-SNe光谱。

英文摘要:

The core collapse of massive, rapidly-rotating stars are thought to be the progenitors of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRB) and their associated hyper-energetic supernovae (SNe). At early times after the collapse, relatively low angular momentum material from the infalling stellar envelope will circularize into an accretion disk located just outside the black hole horizon, resulting in high accretion rates necessary to power a GRB jet. Temperatures in the disk midplane at these small radii are sufficiently high to dissociate nuclei, while outflows from the disk can be neutron-rich and may synthesize r-process nuclei. However, at later times, and for high progenitor angular momentum, the outer layers of the stellar envelope can circularize at larger radii $\gtrsim 10^{7}$ cm, where nuclear reaction can take place in the disk midplane ((e.g.~$^{4}$He + $^{16}$O $\rightarrow$ $^{20}$Ne + $γ$).. Here we explore the effects of nuclear burning on collapsar accretion disks and their outflows by means of hydrodynamical $α$-viscosity torus simulations coupled to a 19-isotope nuclear reaction network, which are designed to mimic the late infall epochs in collapsar evolution when the viscous time of the torus has become comparable to the envelope fall-back time. Our results address several key questions, such as the conditions for quiescent burning and accretion versus detonation and the generation of $^{56}$Ni in disk outflows, which we show could contribute significantly to powering GRB supernovae. Being located in the slowest, innermost layers of the ejecta, the latter could provide the radioactive heating source necessary to make the spectral signatures of r-process elements visible in late-time GRB-SNe spectra.

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