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arXiv 2008.04272astro-ph.EP
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从(101955)Bennu和(162173)Ryugu看到的小行星顶部形状在快速和慢速旋转时的自旋驱动演化

Spin-driven evolution of asteroids' top-shapes at fast and slow spins seen from (101955) Bennu and (162173) Ryugu

Masatoshi Hirabayashi, Ryota Nakano, Eri Tatsumi, Kevin J. Walsh, Olivier S. Barnouin, Patrick Michel, Christine M. Hartzell, Daniel T. Britt, Seiji Sugita, Sei… 展开作者

Masatoshi Hirabayashi, Ryota Nakano, Eri Tatsumi, Kevin J. Walsh, Olivier S. Barnouin, Patrick Michel, Christine M. Hartzell, Daniel T. Britt, Seiji Sugita, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, William F. Bottke, Daniel J. Scheeres, Ronald-Louis Ballouz, Yuichiro Cho, Tomokatsu Morota, Ellen S. Howell, Dante S. Lauretta

摘要:

OSIRIS-REx和隼鸟2的近距离观测为目标小行星(101955)Bennu和(162173)Ryugu的形状演变过程提供了线索。它们带有赤道脊的扁圆形状,或所谓的顶部形状,可能是由于它们现在和过去的旋转条件而演变的。不同的形状演变方案先前提出; Bennu的顶部形状可能是由表面处理驱动的,而Ryugu的可能是由于大变形而形成的。这两种情况似乎不一致。在这里,我们回顾了早期作品中的结构分析,并填补了连接这些解释的空白。我们还采用了半解析技术计算的内聚强度分布在一个均匀旋转的三轴椭球体的整体破坏的顶部形状的机构。假设结构是均匀的,我们的半分析方法描述了不同旋转周期下失效区域的空间变化;表面区域在较长的旋转周期下最敏感,而内部在较短的旋转周期下结构性失效。这一发现表明,顶部形状的演变可能会因旋转和内部结构而有所不同,这可以解释Bennu和Ryugu顶部形状的不同演变情景。我们解释我们的结果作为顶部形状的各种演变过程的指示。

英文摘要:

Proximity observations by OSIRIS-REx and Hayabusa2 provided clues on the shape evolution processes of the target asteroids, (101955) Bennu and (162173) Ryugu. Their oblate shapes with equatorial ridges, or the so-called top shapes, may have evolved due to their rotational conditions at present and in the past. Different shape evolution scenarios were previously proposed; Bennu's top shape may have been driven by surface processing, while Ryugu's may have been developed due to large deformation. These two scenarios seem to be inconsistent. Here, we revisit the structural analyses in earlier works and fill a gap to connect these explanations. We also apply a semi-analytical technique for computing the cohesive strength distribution in a uniformly rotating triaxial ellipsoid to characterize the global failure of top-shaped bodies. Assuming that the structure is uniform, our semi-analytical approach describes the spatial variations in failed regions at different spin periods; surface regions are the most sensitive at longer spin periods, while interiors fail structurally at shorter spin periods. This finding suggests that the shape evolution of a top shape may vary due to rotation and internal structure, which can explain the different evolution scenarios of Bennu's and Ryugu's top shapes. We interpret our results as the indications of top shapes' various evolution processes.

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