在SARS-CoV-2背景下固着唾液滴的寿命
Lifetime of sessile saliva droplets in the context of SARS-CoV-2
摘要：
呼吸道疾病（如COVID-19）从受污染表面的传播取决于含有病毒的沉积液滴的干燥时间。蒸发速率取决于环境条件，例如环境温度和相对湿度以及物理性质（例如，液滴体积、接触角和组成）。呼吸道飞沫除水外还含有盐（NaCl）、蛋白质（粘蛋白）和表面活性剂（二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱），预计这些物质会对蒸发产生很大影响。一个基于扩散的理论模型，用于估计干燥时间的开发，考虑到动态接触角的唾液液滴与盐和不溶性表面活性剂负载。考察了初始体积、接触角、盐度、表面活性剂浓度、环境温度和相对湿度对液滴干燥时间的影响。
英文摘要：
Spreading of respiratory diseases, such as COVID-19, from contaminated surfaces is dependent on the drying time of the deposited droplets containing the virus. The evaporation rate depends on environmental conditions, such as ambient temperature and relative humidity and physical properties (e.g., droplet volume, contact angle and composition). The respiratory droplets contain salt (NaCl), protein (mucin), and surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) in addition to water, which are expected to influence the evaporation in a big way. A diffusion-based theoretical model for estimating the drying time is developed which takes into account the dynamic contact angle of saliva droplets laden with salt and insoluble surfactants. The effect of the initial volume, contact angle, salinity, surfactant concentration, ambient temperature and relative humidity on the drying time of droplets is investigated.
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