To create tomorrow's smarter cities, today's initiatives will need to create measurable improvements. However, a city is a complex system and measuring its performance generates a breadth of issues. Specifically, determining what criteria should be measured, how indications should be defined, and how should the identified indicators be derived. This working paper is one in series that addresses the creation of a Semantic Web based representation of the 17 different themes of ISO 37120 indicators as part of the larger PolisGnosis Project (Fox, 2017). We define a standard ontology for representing general knowledge for the Energy Theme indicators, and for representing both the definition and data used to derive the Energy indicators.
Presently, a very large number of public and private data sets are available around the local governments. In most cases, they are not semantically interoperable and a huge human effort is needed to create integrated ontologies and knowledge base for smart city. Smart City ontology is not yet standardized, and a lot of research work is needed to identify models that can easily support the data reconciliation, the management of the complexity and reasoning. In this paper, a system for data ingestion and reconciliation smart cities related aspects as road graph, services available on the roads, …
Presently, a very large number of public and private data sets are available from local governments. In most cases, they are not semantically interoperable and a huge human effort would be needed to create integrated ontologies and knowledge base for smart city. Smart City ontology is not yet standardized, and a lot of research work is needed to identify models that can easily support the data reconciliation, the management of the complexity, to allow the data reasoning. In this paper, a system for data ingestion and reconciliation of smart cities related aspects as road graph, services availa…
3D city models - which represent in 3 dimensions the geometric elements of a city - are increasingly used for an intended wide range of applications. Such uses are made possible by using semantically enriched 3D city models and by presenting such enriched 3D city models in a way that allows decision-making processes to be carried out from the best choices among sets of objectives, and across issues and scales. In order to help in such a decision-making process we have defined a framework to find the best visualization technique(s) for a set of potentially heterogeneous data that have to be vis…
Inha University（仁荷大学）；Rutgers University（罗格斯大学）；Incheon National University（仁川国立大学）
Traffic congestion is rapidly increasing in urban areas, particularly in mega cities. To date, there exist a few sensor network based systems to address this problem. However, these techniques are not suitable enough in terms of monitoring an entire transportation system and delivering emergency services when needed. These techniques require real-time data and intelligent ways to quickly determine traffic activity from useful information. In addition, these existing systems and websites on city transportation and travel rely on rating scores for different factors (e.g., safety, low crime rate,…
University of Geneva（日内瓦大学）；Aristotle University（亚里士多德大学）
The holistic approach to sustainable urban planning implies using different models in an integrated way that is capable of simulating the urban system. As the interconnection of such models is not a trivial task, one of the key elements that may be applied is the description of the urban geometric properties in an "interoperable" way. Focusing on air quality as one of the most pronounced urban problems, the geometric aspects of a city may be described by objects such as those defined in CityGML, so that an appropriate air quality model can be applied for estimating the quality of the urban air…
Universidade de Fortaleza（福塔莱萨大学）；Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute（伦斯勒理工学院）
In the context of Smart Cities, indicator definitions have been used to calculate values that enable the comparison among different cities. The calculation of an indicator values has challenges as the calculation may need to combine some aspects of quality while addressing different levels of abstraction. Knowledge graphs (KGs) have been used successfully to support flexible representation, which can support improved understanding and data analysis in similar settings. This paper presents an operational description for a city KG, an indicator ontology that support indicator discovery and data …
Norwegian University of Science and Technology（挪威科技大学）；University of Bergen（卑尔根大学）；University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学）；Ontopic S.r.l.（Ontopic有限责任公司）；Free University of Bozen-Bolzano（博尔扎诺自由大学）；Umeå University（于默奥大学）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）
We propose an Ontology-Based Information Extraction (OBIE) system to automate the extraction of the criteria and values applied in Land Use Suitability Analysis (LUSA) from bylaw and regulation documents related to the geographic area of interest. The results obtained by our proposed LUSA OBIE system (land use suitability criteria and their values) are presented as an ontology populated with instances of the extracted criteria and property values. This latter output ontology is incorporated into a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model applied for constructing suitability maps for differe…
University of Valenciennes and Hainaut-Cambrésis（瓦伦谢纳与埃诺-康布雷西大学）；University of Sfax（斯法克斯大学）；University of Louisiana at Lafayette（路易斯安那大学拉斐特分校）
There is a relatively small amount of research covering urban freight movements. Most research dealing with the subject of urban mobility focuses on passenger vehicles, not commercial vehicles hauling freight. However, in many ways, urban freight transport contributes to congestion, air pollution, noise, accident and more fuel consumption which raises logistic costs, and hence the price of products. The main focus of this paper is to propose a new solution for congestion in order to improve the distribution process of goods in urban areas and optimize transportation cost, time of delivery, fue…
Ontology-based knowledge representation for bone disease diagnosis: a foundation for safe and sustainable medical artificial intelligence systems
University of Science, VNUHCM（胡志明市国家大学科学大学）；Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City（越南国家大学胡志明市分校）；Ho Chi Minh City Hospital for Traumatology and Orthopedics（胡志明市创伤与骨科医院）
Supporting Risk Management for Medical Devices via the Riskman Ontology and Shapes (Preprint)
Faculty of Computer Science, TU Dresden, Germany（德累斯顿理工大学计算机科学学院）；Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Germany（德累斯顿大学第一医学部）；ScaDS.AI Center for Scalable Data Analytics（可扩展数据与人工智能分析中心）；Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Dresden, Germany（人机协同触觉互联网中心）
University of Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）；Innopolis University（因诺波利斯大学）；Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council（国家研究委员会认知科学与技术研究所）；Lero - The Irish Software Research Center（Lero爱尔兰软件研究中心）；University College Cork（科克大学学院）
Quality, architecture, and process are considered the keystones of software engineering. ISO defines them in three separate standards. However, their interaction has been scarcely studied, so far. The SQuAP model (Software Quality, Architecture, Process) describes twenty-eight main factors that impact on software quality in banking systems, and each factor is described as a relation among some characteristics from the three ISO standards. Hence, SQuAP makes such relations emerge rigorously, although informally. In this paper, we present SQuAP-Ont, an OWL ontology designed by following a well-e…
The extraction of logically-independent fragments out of an ontology ABox can be useful for solving the tractability problem of querying ontologies with large ABoxes. In this paper, we propose a formal definition of an ABox module, such that it guarantees complete preservation of facts about a given set of individuals, and thus can be reasoned independently w.r.t. the ontology TBox. With ABox modules of this type, isolated or distributed (parallel) ABox reasoning becomes feasible, and more efficient data retrieval from ontology ABoxes can be attained. To compute such an ABox module, we present…
Several challenges are faced by citizens of urban centers while dealing with day-to-day events, and the absence of a centralised reporting mechanism makes event-reporting and redressal a daunting task. With the push on information technology to adapt to the needs of smart-cities and integrate urban civic services, the use of Open311 architecture presents an interesting solution. In this paper, we present a novel approach that uses an existing Open311 ontology to classify and report non-emergency city-events, as well as to guide the citizen to the points of redressal. The use of linked open dat…
Research Center on Spatial Cognition, University of Bremen（不来梅大学空间认知研究中心）；University of Birmingham（伯明翰大学）；DFKI GmbH Bremen（德国人工智能研究中心不来梅分中心）；Infoterm（国际术语信息中心）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）
The Distributed Ontology Language (DOL) is currently being standardized within the OntoIOp (Ontology Integration and Interoperability) activity of ISO/TC 37/SC 3. It aims at providing a unified framework for (1) ontologies formalized in heterogeneous logics, (2) modular ontologies, (3) links between ontologies, and (4) annotation of ontologies. This paper presents the current state of DOL's standardization. It focuses on use cases where distributed ontologies enable interoperability and reusability. We demonstrate relevant features of the DOL syntax and semantics and explain how these integrat…
A semantic approach to mapping the Provenance Ontology to Basic Formal Ontology
National Center for Ontological Research（国家本体论研究中心）；Conceptual Systems（概念系统公司）；University at Buffalo（布法罗大学）；Summit Knowledge Solutions（顶峰知识解决方案公司）；University of Vienna（维也纳大学）；Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Data Science（人工智能与数据科学研究所）
Ontology Memory-Augmented ASR Correction for Long Text-Speech Interleaved Conversations
Institute of Computing and Intelligence, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), China（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）计算与智能研究所）；Shenzhen Loop Area Institute (SLAI), China（深圳环域研究所）
Condillac Research Group - Listic Lab（孔狄亚克研究小组 - Listic 实验室）；Université de Savoie（萨瓦大学）
Operationalization of terminology for IT applications has revived the Wusterian approach. The conceptual dimension once more prevails after taking back seat to specialised lexicography. This is demonstrated by the emergence of ontology in terminology. While the Terminology Principles as defined in Felber manual and the ISO standards remain at the core of traditional terminology, their computational implementation raises some issues. In this article, while reiterating their importance, we will be re-examining these Principles from a dual perspective: that of logic in the mathematical sense of t…
Naval Research Laboratory（海军研究实验室）；Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence（海军人工智能应用研究中心）
Most computational models of analogy assume they are given a delineated source domain and often a specified target domain. These systems do not address how analogs can be isolated from large domains and spontaneously retrieved from long-term memory, a process we call spontaneous analogy. We present a system that represents relational structures as feature bags. Using this representation, our system leverages perceptual algorithms to automatically create an ontology of relational structures and to efficiently retrieve analogs for new relational structures from long-term memory. We provide a dem…
Hyperbolic Graph Representation Learning for Differential Diagnosis on Biomedical Knowledge Graphs
Università degli Studi di Milano（米兰大学）；Università della Svizzera italiana (USI)（瑞士意大利语大学）；Politecnico di Milano（米兰理工大学）；Aalto University（阿尔托大学）；FGV（杰图利奥·瓦加斯基金会）
University of Geneva（日内瓦大学）；Ecole Centrale de Lille（里尔中央理工学院）；Schneider Electric（施耐德电气）；University of Loughborough（拉夫堡大学）
Problems faced by international standardization bodies become more and more crucial as the number and the size of the standards they produce increase. Sometimes, also, the lack of coordination among the committees in charge of the development of standards may lead to overlaps, mistakes or incompatibilities in the documents. The aim of this study is to present a methodology enabling an automatic extraction of the technical concepts (terms) found in normative documents, through the use of semantic tools coming from the field of language processing. The first part of the paper provides a descript…
