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arXiv 2008.02616cs.ROcs.AIcs.LGcs.MA
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多智能体强化学习中对抗性通信的出现

The Emergence of Adversarial Communication in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

University of Cambridge(剑桥大学)

Jan Blumenkamp, Amanda Prorok

摘要:

许多现实世界的问题需要多个自主智能体的协调。最近的工作表明,图神经网络(GNN)有希望学习明确的通信策略,使复杂的多智能体协调。这些作品使用合作多代理系统的模型,代理努力实现一个共同的全球目标。当考虑具有自利局部目标的代理时,标准的设计选择是将它们建模为独立的学习系统(尽管共享相同的环境)。然而,这样的设计选择,排除了存在一个单一的,可区分的通信信道,并因此禁止学习的智能体通信策略。在这项工作中,我们解决这个差距,提出了一个学习模型,可容纳个人的非共享奖励和一个可区分的沟通渠道,是所有代理之间的共同点。我们专注于代理人有自我利益的目标的情况下,并开发一个学习算法,消除对抗性通信的出现。我们进行多代理覆盖和路径规划问题的实验,并采用事后可解释性技术来可视化代理相互通信的消息。我们展示了一个自私的代理是如何能够学习高度操纵性的通信策略,使其显着优于一个合作团队的代理。

英文摘要:

Many real-world problems require the coordination of multiple autonomous agents. Recent work has shown the promise of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to learn explicit communication strategies that enable complex multi-agent coordination. These works use models of cooperative multi-agent systems whereby agents strive to achieve a shared global goal. When considering agents with self-interested local objectives, the standard design choice is to model these as separate learning systems (albeit sharing the same environment). Such a design choice, however, precludes the existence of a single, differentiable communication channel, and consequently prohibits the learning of inter-agent communication strategies. In this work, we address this gap by presenting a learning model that accommodates individual non-shared rewards and a differentiable communication channel that is common among all agents. We focus on the case where agents have self-interested objectives, and develop a learning algorithm that elicits the emergence of adversarial communications. We perform experiments on multi-agent coverage and path planning problems, and employ a post-hoc interpretability technique to visualize the messages that agents communicate to each other. We show how a single self-interested agent is capable of learning highly manipulative communication strategies that allows it to significantly outperform a cooperative team of agents.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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