SETI中的普朗克频率作为谢林点
Planck Frequencies as Schelling Points in SETI
AI总结：
本文提出将普朗克频率梳作为SETI搜索中的谢林点，通过精细结构常数构建频率组合，以增加发现外星信标的机会。
摘要：
在搜寻地外文明（SETI）中，当搜索“信标”——即旨在发送给我们并引起我们注意的传输信号时，必须通过考虑哪些频率对其他物种而言是普遍显而易见的，来猜测合适的搜索频率。这是博弈论中一个众所周知的概念，在这种非沟通性合作博弈（如相互搜索）中，此类解决方案被称为“谢林点”。值得注意的是，普朗克在制定以其名字命名的单位时，称其为“自然的”，因为它们“对所有时代以及外星和非人类文化都保持有意义”。在此，我将普朗克的建议应用于SETI中谢林点的语境，提出一种“普朗克频率梳”，通过将普朗克能量乘以精细结构常数的整数次幂来构建。该频率梳包含了电磁波谱中激光和射电SETI通常操作的区域中的少量频率。搜索可以针对频率梳中的单个齿，或同时针对多个齿，跨越电磁波谱进行。实际上，后一种策略还可以通过发射器希望同时以多个频率发送信号来增加接收器正确猜中其中一个频率的机会来进一步证明其合理性。在此频率梳的构建中存在许多任意和以人类为中心的选择，实际上，只需进行微小且任意的修改，就可以构建出几种不同的频率梳。这表明搜索任意间距的频率梳中到达的信号可能是富有成效的。尽管这里建议的频率是否“优于”其他提议的频率尚有争议，但将普朗克频率梳添加到“神奇频率”列表中，只会对外星信标的搜索有所帮助。
英文摘要：
In SETI, when searching for "beacons" -- transmissions intended for us and meant to get our attention -- one must guess the appropriate frequency to search by considering what frequencies would be universally obvious to other species. This is a well known concept in game theory, where such solutions to a non-communicative cooperative game (such as a mutual search) are called "Schelling points." It is noteworthy, therefore, that when developing his eponymous units, Planck called them "natural" because they "remain meaningful for all times and also for extraterrestrial and non-human cultures." Here, I apply Planck's suggestion in the context of Schelling points in SETI with a "Planck Frequency Comb," constructed by multiplying the Planck energy by integer powers of the fine structure constant. This comb includes a small number of frequencies in regions of the electromagnetic spectrum where laser and radio SETI typically operates. Searches might proceed and individual teeth in the comb, or at many teeth at once, across the electromagnetic spectrum. Indeed, the latter strategy can be additionally justified by the transmitter's desire to signal at many frequencies at once, to improve the chances that the receiver will guess one of them correctly. There are many arbitrary and anthropocentric choices in this comb's construction, and indeed one can construct several different frequency combs with only minor and arbitrary modifications. This suggests that it may be fruitful to search for signals arriving in frequency combs of arbitrary spacing. And even though the frequencies suggested here are only debatably "better" than others proposed, the addition of the Planck Frequency Comb to the list of "magic frequencies" can only help searches for extraterrestrial beacons.
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