一种用于答案集编程中定性理论编码与推理的通用方法
A Generalised Approach for Encoding and Reasoning with Qualitative Theories in Answer Set Programming
AI总结：
本文提出了一种基于答案集编程的通用方法，用于处理需要结合定性与非定性推理的问题，并通过实验验证了其有效性。
摘要：
定性推理涉及基于自然语言表达等定性术语来表达和推导知识，而不是严格的数学量。迄今为止，已提出了超过40种定性计算，主要集中在空间和时间领域，有多个实际应用，如海军交通监控、仓库流程优化和机器人操作。尽管已经开发出多种专门的定性推理工具，但一个重要障碍是这些工具仅原生支持定性推理，而现实世界的问题通常需要结合定性推理和其他形式的推理。在本文中，我们提出利用答案集编程（ASP）作为统一的形式化方法来解决需要定性推理和非定性推理的问题。提出了一组ASP编码，能够处理任何具有二元关系的定性计算。这些编码通过基于电信天线最佳覆盖案例研究的现实世界数据集进行实验评估，并与两个知名专用推理器的性能进行比较。实验结果表明，所提出的编码在两个推理器之一中表现优于，但在另一个中则稍逊，考虑到能够处理任何类型推理以及逻辑程序的可解释性，这种权衡是可接受的。本文正在考虑接受于TPLP。
英文摘要：
Qualitative reasoning involves expressing and deriving knowledge based on qualitative terms such as natural language expressions, rather than strict mathematical quantities. Well over 40 qualitative calculi have been proposed so far, mostly in the spatial and temporal domains, with several practical applications such as naval traffic monitoring, warehouse process optimisation and robot manipulation. Even if a number of specialised qualitative reasoning tools have been developed so far, an important barrier to the wider adoption of these tools is that only qualitative reasoning is supported natively, when real-world problems most often require a combination of qualitative and other forms of reasoning. In this work, we propose to overcome this barrier by using ASP as a unifying formalism to tackle problems that require qualitative reasoning in addition to non-qualitative reasoning. A family of ASP encodings is proposed which can handle any qualitative calculus with binary relations. These encodings are experimentally evaluated using a real-world dataset based on a case study of determining optimal coverage of telecommunication antennas, and compared with the performance of two well-known dedicated reasoners. Experimental results show that the proposed encodings outperform one of the two reasoners, but fall behind the other, an acceptable trade-off given the added benefits of handling any type of reasoning as well as the interpretability of logic programs. This paper is under consideration for acceptance in TPLP.
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