凌日系外行星的色星等图-- III。一个公开的代码，九个奇怪的行星，以及磷化氢的作用
Colour-magnitude diagrams of transiting Exoplanets -- III. A public code, nine strange planets, and the role of Phosphine
摘要：
色幅图提供了一种比较相似物体总体的方便方法。当用精确的测量数据很好地填充时，它们允许简单地从图上与其他物体的接近程度对天文物体的整体性质进行快速推断。我们在这里提出了一个Python工具包，它允许用户产生过境系外行星的颜色-星等图，将行星与超冷矮星的种群、直接成像的系外行星、行星大气的理论模型以及其他过境系外行星进行比较。使用选择的近红外和中红外颜色星等图，我们展示了如何离群值可以确定为进一步的调查，以及如何新兴的子种群可以确定。此外，我们提出的证据表明，观测到的差异，在\textit{Spitzer}的4. 5 μm的流量，辐照的闪烁体，和外地褐矮星，可能是由于磷化氢，这是容易光解。在低辐射环境中磷化氢的存在可能否定了解释日食测量的热反演的必要性。我们推测HD 189733 b的夜面和GJ 436 b、GJ 3470 b的昼面的异常低的4.5μm通量可能是由于磷化氢的吸收造成的。最后，我们使用我们的工具包，包括\textit{Hubble} WFC 3光谱，创建一个新的光度带称为“水带”（\textit{W$_{JH}$} -带）的过程中。我们表明，颜色指数[ \textit{W$_{JH}$-H} ]可以用来限制系外行星的C/O比，表明未来的观测与\textit{JWST}和\textit{Ariel}将能够区分这些人口，如果他们存在，并选择成员进行未来的后续行动。
英文摘要：
Colour-Magnitude Diagrams provide a convenient way of comparing populations of similar objects. When well populated with precise measurements, they allow quick inferences to be made about the bulk properties of an astronomic object simply from its proximity on a diagram to other objects. We present here a Python toolkit which allows a user to produce colour-magnitude diagrams of transiting exoplanets, comparing planets to populations of ultra-cool dwarfs, of directly imaged exoplanets, to theoretical models of planetary atmospheres, and to other transiting exoplanets. Using a selection of near- and mid-infrared colour-magnitude diagrams, we show how outliers can be identified for further investigation, and how emerging sub-populations can be identified. Additionally, we present evidence that observed differences in the \textit{Spitzer}'s 4.5μm flux, between irradiated Jupiters, and field brown dwarfs, might be attributed to phosphine, which is susceptible to photolysis. The presence of phosphine in low irradiation environments may negate the need for thermal inversions to explain eclipse measurements. We speculate that the anomalously low 4.5μm flux flux of the nightside of HD 189733b and the daysides of GJ 436b and GJ 3470b might be caused by phosphine absorption. Finally, we use our toolkit to include \textit{Hubble} WFC3 spectra, creating a new photometric band called the `Water band' (\textit{W$_{JH}$}-band) in the process. We show that the colour index [\textit{W$_{JH}$-H}] can be used to constrain the C/O ratio of exoplanets, showing that future observations with \textit{JWST} and \textit{Ariel} will be able to distinguish these populations if they exist, and select members for future follow-up.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
