使用RAMOSE在SPARQL端点上创建RESTful API
Creating RESTful APIs over SPARQL endpoints using RAMOSE
摘要:
语义Web技术被广泛用于存储RDF数据,并通过SPARQL端点使其在Web上可用,可使用SPARQL查询语言进行查询。虽然SPARQL端点的使用得到了语义Web专家的大力支持,但它阻碍了普通Web用户、工程师和不熟悉语义Web技术的开发人员更广泛地使用RDF数据,这些人通常依赖Web RESTful API来查询Web可用数据并在其上创建应用程序。为了解决这个问题,我们开发了RAMOSE,这是一个用Python开发的通用工具,用于在SPARQL端点上创建REST API。通过创建特定于源的文本配置文件,RAMOSE可以通过简单的Web RESTful API调用来查询SPARQL端点,这些API调用返回JSON或CSV格式的数据,从而对普通Web用户隐藏SPARQL和RDF的所有内在复杂性。我们提供的证据表明,使用RAMOSE提供REST API访问OpenCitations triplestores中的RDF数据是有益的,在外部用户使用RAMOSE API对此类RDF数据进行查询的数量方面,与通过SPARQL端点的直接存取相比。我们的研究结果表明,RDF数据的供应商有一个替代的API访问服务,这使得它的使用没有(或很少)的经验,语义Web技术和SPARQL查询语言的重要性。RAMOSE既可用于查询任何SPARQL端点,也可用于查询任何其他Web API,因此,对于希望创建API服务以访问传统三重存储中存储为RDF的关联数据的服务提供商来说,它代表了一种简单的通用技术解决方案。
英文摘要:
Semantic Web technologies are widely used for storing RDF data and making them available on the Web through SPARQL endpoints, queryable using the SPARQL query language. While the use of SPARQL endpoints is strongly supported by Semantic Web experts, it hinders broader use of RDF data by common Web users, engineers and developers unfamiliar with Semantic Web technologies, who normally rely on Web RESTful APIs for querying Web-available data and creating applications over them. To solve this problem, we have developed RAMOSE, a generic tool developed in Python to create REST APIs over SPARQL endpoints. Through the creation of source-specific textual configuration files, RAMOSE enables the querying of SPARQL endpoints via simple Web RESTful API calls that return either JSON or CSV-formatted data, thus hiding all the intrinsic complexities of SPARQL and RDF from common Web users. We provide evidence that the use of RAMOSE to provide REST API access to RDF data within OpenCitations triplestores is beneficial in terms of the number of queries made by external users to such RDF data using the RAMOSE API compared with the direct access via the SPARQL endpoint. Our findings show the importance for suppliers of RDF data of having an alternative API access service, which enables its use by those with no (or little) experience in Semantic Web technologies and the SPARQL query language. RAMOSE can be used both to query any SPARQL endpoint and to query any other Web API, and thus it represents an easy generic technical solution for service providers who wish to create an API service to access Linked Data stored as RDF in a conventional triplestore.
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