结构几何形状和材料对抗震超材料性能的影响
The influence of structure geometry and material on seismic metamaterial performance
摘要：
转移和控制影响基础设施的弹性振动是减轻地震灾害以及减少城市环境中的机器噪声和车辆振动的主要挑战。地震超材料（SM），其固有的能力，以操纵波的传播，提供了一个关键的路线，克服技术障碍，在这一挑战。工程SM的结构作为基础，以调整和增强其功能，并受到分裂环，瑞士卷，缺口形状和电磁和机械超材料中的基本单元的螺旋形设计的启发，我们研究改变SM的结构几何形状，目的是创造大的带隙\textcolor{black}{in a subwavelength regime}。我们发现，方形刚性夹杂物，执行更好的圆形相比，同时保持相同的填充分数。途中，以提高带隙，我们还研究了SM的性能与不同的组成材料，我们发现，钢柱，作为夹杂物，显示大的带隙，但是，柱太大，钢是一个可行的材料，在实际或财务方面。非钢筋混凝土对于该技术的工业级放大将是优选的，因为混凝土具有成本效益，易于在施工现场直接浇注，并且易于提供任意几何形状的结构。作为这项研究的一部分，我们表明，混凝土柱也可以被设计为表现出带隙，如果我们把他们周围的保护区的各种民用结构，如桥梁，建筑物，石油管道等软土涂层。
英文摘要：
Diverting, and controlling, elastic vibrations impacting upon infrastructure is a major challenge for seismic hazard mitigation, and for the reduction of machine noise and vehicle vibration in the urban environment. Seismic metamaterials (SMs), with their inherent ability to manipulate wave propagation, provide a key route for overcoming the technological hurdles involved in this challenge. Engineering the structure of the SM serves as a basis to tune and enhance its functionality, and inspired by split rings, swiss-rolls, notch-shaped and labyrinthine designs of elementary cells in electromagnetic and mechanical metamaterials, we investigate altering the structure geometries of SMs with the aim of creating large bandgaps \textcolor{black}{in a subwavelength regime}. We show that square stiff inclusions, perform better in comparison to circular ones, whilst keeping the same filling fraction. En route to enhancing the bandgap, we have also studied the performance of SMs with different constituent materials; we find that steel columns, as inclusions, show large bandgaps, however, the columns are too large for steel to be a feasible material in practical or financial terms. Non-reinforced concrete would be preferable for industry level scaling up of the technology because, concrete is cost-effective, easy to cast directly at the construction site and easy to provide arbitrary geometry of the structure. As a part of this study, we show that concrete columns can also be designed to exhibit bandgaps if we cast them within a soft soil coating surrounding the protected area for various civil structures like a bridge, building, oil pipelines etc.
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