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arXiv 2007.12858cs.LGcs.CVstat.ML
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基于离散潜表示的模态不确定性估计

Modal Uncertainty Estimation via Discrete Latent Representation

The Chinese University of Hong Kong(香港中文大学)

Di Qiu, Lok Ming Lui

摘要:

现实世界中的许多重要问题并没有独特的解决方案。因此,重要的是机器学习模型能够提出不同的合理的解决方案与有意义的概率措施。在这项工作中,我们引入了这样一个深度学习框架,它学习输入和输出之间的一对多映射,以及忠实的不确定性度量。我们称我们的框架为{ \it模态不确定性估计},因为我们对通过一组离散潜变量生成的一对多映射进行建模,每个潜变量表示解释相应类型的输入-输出关系的潜模式假设。因此,潜在表示的离散性质使我们能够非常有效地估计任何输入的输出的条件概率分布。离散潜在空间及其不确定性估计在训练期间联合学习。我们通过当前条件生成模型中的多模态后验崩溃问题来激励我们使用离散潜在空间,然后发展理论背景,并在合成和现实任务上广泛验证我们的方法。我们的框架展示了更准确的不确定性估计比目前最先进的方法,是翔实的,方便的实际使用。

英文摘要:

Many important problems in the real world don't have unique solutions. It is thus important for machine learning models to be capable of proposing different plausible solutions with meaningful probability measures. In this work we introduce such a deep learning framework that learns the one-to-many mappings between the inputs and outputs, together with faithful uncertainty measures. We call our framework {\it modal uncertainty estimation} since we model the one-to-many mappings to be generated through a set of discrete latent variables, each representing a latent mode hypothesis that explains the corresponding type of input-output relationship. The discrete nature of the latent representations thus allows us to estimate for any input the conditional probability distribution of the outputs very effectively. Both the discrete latent space and its uncertainty estimation are jointly learned during training. We motivate our use of discrete latent space through the multi-modal posterior collapse problem in current conditional generative models, then develop the theoretical background, and extensively validate our method on both synthetic and realistic tasks. Our framework demonstrates significantly more accurate uncertainty estimation than the current state-of-the-art methods, and is informative and convenient for practical use.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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