用于光学可寻址缺陷量子位的反向设计光子提取器
Inverse-designed photon extractors for optically addressable defect qubits
摘要：
具有自旋光子界面的固态缺陷量子比特系统在量子信息和计量学应用中显示出巨大的前景。然而，光子收集效率对高折射率基质材料中的缺陷量子位提出了主要挑战。光子器件的逆设计优化使得在定制自旋光子界面的关键参数（包括光谱响应、光子偏振和收集模式）方面具有前所未有的灵活性。此外，设计过程可以包含附加的约束，例如制造公差和材料处理限制。在这里，我们设计和展示了一个紧凑的混合磷化镓在金刚石反设计平面电介质结构耦合到单一的近表面氮空位中心形成的注入和退火。我们观察到设备的操作接近理论极限和测量高达14倍的光子提取效率的宽带增强。我们希望这种反向设计的设备将能够实现可扩展的单光子发射器阵列，快速表征新的量子发射器，传感和有效的预示纠缠方案。
英文摘要：
Solid-state defect qubit systems with spin-photon interfaces show great promise for quantum information and metrology applications. Photon collection efficiency, however, presents a major challenge for defect qubits in high refractive index host materials. Inverse-design optimization of photonic devices enables unprecedented flexibility in tailoring critical parameters of a spin-photon interface including spectral response, photon polarization and collection mode. Further, the design process can incorporate additional constraints, such as fabrication tolerance and material processing limitations. Here we design and demonstrate a compact hybrid gallium phosphide on diamond inverse-design planar dielectric structure coupled to single near-surface nitrogen-vacancy centers formed by implantation and annealing. We observe device operation near the theoretical limit and measure up to a 14-fold broadband enhancement in photon extraction efficiency. We expect that such inverse-designed devices will enable realization of scalable arrays of single-photon emitters, rapid characterization of new quantum emitters, sensing and efficient heralded entanglement schemes.
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