剪切功能化水表面中基于参数法拉第波的流体动力学二维晶体成型
Moulding hydrodynamic 2D-crystals upon parametric Faraday waves in shear-functionalized water surfaces
摘要：
法拉第波（FW），或当液体垂直振动时以固有频率的一半振荡的表面波，是液体表面上的有序转变的原型。在高粘性流体中，已经证明了在体摩擦应力下存在无界FW图案。然而，表面刚度的作用至今尚未被研究。在这里，我们证明了动态冻结FW，我们称之为二维流体动力晶体出现在水表面功能化的非线性表面模式的有序模式与可溶性（生物）表面活性剂赋予面内剪切刚度。强的相位相干性与增加的表面刚性一起承担FW-有序过渡，在此基础上，流体动力学晶体通过参数控制其有序度可逆地成型。晶体的对称性和晶胞尺寸进行了调整，这取决于FW分散制度。这里发现的流体力学晶体可以用于软物质支架的非接触策略。特别是，基于胶体或聚合物的结构材料的表面定向合成以及用于组织工程的细胞培养模式可以在FW相干性的外部控制下得到改善
英文摘要：
Faraday waves (FWs), or surface waves oscillating at half of the natural frequency when a liquid is vertically vibrated, are archetypes of ordering transitions on liquid surfaces. The existence of unbounded FW-patterns sustained upon bulk frictional stresses has been evidenced in highly viscous fluids. However, the role of surface rigidity has not been investigated so far. Here, we demonstrate that dynamically frozen FWs that we call 2D-hydrodynamic crystals do appear as ordered patterns of nonlinear surface modes in water surfaces functionalized with soluble (bio)surfactants endowing in-plane shear stiffness. The strong phase coherence in conjunction with the increased surface rigidity bear the FW-ordering transition, upon which the hydrodynamic crystals were reversibly molded by parametric control of their degree of order. Crystal symmetry and unit cell size were tuned depending on the FW-dispersion regime. The hydrodynamic crystals here discovered could be exploited in touchless strategies of soft matter scaffolding. Particularly, the surface-directed synthesis of structured materials based on colloids or polymers and cell culture patterns for tissue engineering could be ameliorated under external control of FW-coherence
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