玻色星合并产生的同步引力原子
Synchronised gravitational atoms from mergers of bosonic stars
摘要：
如果超轻玻色子场在自然界中以暗物质的形式存在，那么超辐射会使旋转的黑洞（BH）旋转下来，动态地赋予它们平衡的玻色子云，这里称为同步引力原子（SGA）。另一方面，这些相同场的自引力可以将它们归为（标量或矢量）无水平孤子，称为玻色子星（BS）。我们表明，BS的动态产生一个新的通道形成SGAs。我们研究BS二进制合并形成旋转BH。在视界形成后，黑洞通过吸积玻色子场而自旋，但残留物在视界周围徘徊。如果有足够的角动量，黑洞的自旋会在残留物变成SGA时停止。不同的初始数据导致不同量子数的自适应增益。因此，SGAs可以由超辐射驱动的BH自旋下降和吸积驱动的BH自旋上升形成。此外，后一过程可以导致比从前者获得的那些更重的SGA：在本文的一个示例中，最终系统的能量的$\sim 18\%$和其角动量的$\sim 50\%$保留在SGA中。我们认为，甚至更高的值可能会出现在系统中，其中吸积和超辐射有助于SGA的形成。
英文摘要：
If ultralight bosonic fields exist in Nature as dark matter, superradiance spins down rotating black holes (BHs), dynamically endowing them with equilibrium bosonic clouds, here dubbed synchronised gravitational atoms (SGAs). The self-gravity of these same fields, on the other hand, can lump them into (scalar or vector) horizonless solitons known as bosonic stars (BSs). We show that the dynamics of BSs yields a new channel forming SGAs. We study BS binaries that merge to form spinning BHs. After horizon formation, the BH spins up by accreting the bosonic field, but a remnant lingers around the horizon. If just enough angular momentum is present, the BH spin up stalls precisely as the remnant becomes a SGA. Different initial data lead to SGAs with different quantum numbers. Thus, SGAs may form both from superradiance-driven BH spin down and accretion-driven BH spin up. The latter process, moreover, can result in heavier SGAs than those obtained from the former: in one example herein, $\sim 18\%$ of the final system's energy and $\sim 50\%$ of its angular momentum remain in the SGA. We suggest that even higher values may occur in systems wherein both accretion and superradiance contribute to the SGA formation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
