电润湿诱导纹理疏水基底上液滴跳跃运动的解析预测：润湿状态的影响
Analytical prediction of electrowetting-induced jumping motion for droplets on textured hydrophobic substrates: Effects of the wetting states
AI总结：
该研究基于能量守恒建立闭式与统一公式，解析预测平面及纹理疏水表面上 Cassie-Baxter 与 Wenzel 状态液滴的电润湿诱导跳跃速度。
摘要：
在电润湿过程中施加电压可通过改变三相界面张力的内在平衡，诱导单个液滴铺展、滑动甚至跳跃，数十年来该技术已广泛应用于微流控和芯片实验室器件中的液滴操控。本文针对具有不同润湿状态的纹理疏水表面上的电润湿液滴，提出了跳跃速度的解析预测。具体而言，我们考虑一个液滴润湿在纹理疏水基底上，并在液滴与基底之间施加电压。一旦电压关闭，电润湿期间储存在液滴中的能量便会释放，甚至可能导致液滴脱离。系统讨论了初始润湿状态和电润湿状态（即 Cassie-Baxter 状态与 Wenzel 状态）对液滴跳跃速度的影响。基于能量守恒，分析了不同润湿状态下液滴表面能、内部黏性耗散与动能之间的能量转换。系统推导了用于预测不同液滴润湿状态下跳跃速度的闭式公式。最终，得到了可预测平面和纹理基底上、不同润湿状态下液滴电润湿诱导跳跃速度的统一形式，该形式能够描述各种润湿条件下的跳跃运动。本工作为精确控制纹理疏水表面上电润湿诱导的液滴跳跃运动提供了理论认识。
英文摘要：
Electric voltage applied in electrowetting can induce speading, sliding and even jumping of an individual droplet by changing the intrinsic balance of three-phase interfacial tensions, which has been widely used for droplet manipulating in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices in over decades. In the present paper, we present an analytical prediction of jumping velocity for droplets electrowetting on textured hydrophobic surfaces with different wetting states. In particular, we consider a liquid droplet wetting on a textured hydrophobic substrate with a voltage applied between the droplet and the substrate. Once the voltage is turned off, the energy stored in the droplet during the electrowetting releases and could even result in the detachment of the droplet. The effects of the initial and electro-wetting states, i.e. Cassie-Baxter state and Wenzel state, on the jumping velocity of droplets are systematically discussed. Based on energy conservation, the energy conversion between the surface energy, internal viscous dissipation and the kinetic energy of droplets in different wetting states are analysed. The close-form formulas to predict the jumping velocity for different droplet wetting states are systematically derived. Finally, the unified form for predicting the electrowetting-induced jumping velocity of droplets on both flat and textured substrates with different wetting states is obtained, which can describe the jumping motion with various wetting conditions. This work provide theoretical insights on accurate control of the electrowetting-induced jumping motion of droplets on textured hydrophobic surfaces.
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