有限盒作为区分高温下自由夸克与禁闭的工具
A finite box as a tool to distinguish free quarks from confinement at high temperatures
摘要：
在手征对称性恢复的赝临界温度T_c以上，QCD中出现了手征自旋对称性（色荷和电约束的对称性）。这意味着QCD处于一种限制模式，不存在自由夸克。与此同时，受守恒流约束的算符的算符的行为就好像夸克是自由的一样。这解释了观察到的保守电荷的波动和通过双轻子看到的rho样结构的缺乏。一个独立的证据表明一个人处于一种限制模式是非常受欢迎的。在这里，我们提出了一个新的工具，如何区分自由夸克的约束模式。如果我们把系统放在一个有限的盒子里，那么如果夸克是自由的，那么在守恒流的传播子中必然会得到一个显著的衍射图样。这种模式在有限盒子中的晶格计算中清楚地看到，它在无限体积极限和连续体中消失。相反，在有限盒子中的完整QCD计算表明没有衍射图案，这意味着夸克是被限制的。
英文摘要：
Above the pseudocritical temperature T_c of chiral symmetry restoration a chiral spin symmetry (a symmetry of the color charge and of electric confinement) emerges in QCD. This implies that QCD is in a confining mode and there are no free quarks. At the same time correlators of operators constrained by a conserved current behave as if quarks were free. This explains observed fluctuations of conserved charges and the absence of the rho-like structures seen via dileptons. An independent evidence that one is in a confining mode is very welcome. Here we suggest a new tool how to distinguish free quarks from a confining mode. If we put the system into a finite box, then if the quarks are free one necessarily obtains a remarkable diffractive pattern in the propagator of a conserved current. This pattern is clearly seen in a lattice calculation in a finite box and it vanishes in the infinite volume limit as well as in the continuum. In contrast, the full QCD calculations in a finite box show the absence of the diffractive pattern implying that the quarks are confined.
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