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arXiv 2007.10284cs.ROcs.LG
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模型预测控制的高级策略学习

Learning High-Level Policies for Model Predictive Control

University of Zurich(苏黎世大学);ETH Zurich(苏黎世联邦理工学院)

Yunlong Song, Davide Scaramuzza

摘要:

策略搜索和深度神经网络的结合有望实现各种决策任务的自动化。模型预测控制(MPC)通过利用系统的动态模型并在短规划时间内在线求解优化问题来为机器人控制任务提供鲁棒的解决方案。在这项工作中,我们利用概率决策方法和人工神经网络的泛化能力,通过学习MPC(High-MPC)的深层高级策略来进行强大的在线优化。以机器人的局部观测值为条件,训练的神经网络策略能够自适应地为低级MPC控制器选择高级决策变量,然后为机器人生成最优控制命令。首先,我们制定了高层次的决策变量MPC的搜索作为一个政策搜索问题,具体来说,概率推理问题。该问题可以用封闭形式的解决方案来解决。其次,我们提出了一个自监督学习算法学习的神经网络高层次的政策,这是非常有用的在线超参数适应高度动态的环境。我们证明了将在线自适应到自主机器人的重要性,通过使用所提出的方法来解决一个具有挑战性的控制问题,其中的任务是控制一个模拟的四旋翼飞行通过摆动门。我们表明,我们的方法可以处理的情况下,很难标准MPC。

英文摘要:

The combination of policy search and deep neural networks holds the promise of automating a variety of decision-making tasks. Model Predictive Control (MPC) provides robust solutions to robot control tasks by making use of a dynamical model of the system and solving an optimization problem online over a short planning horizon. In this work, we leverage probabilistic decision-making approaches and the generalization capability of artificial neural networks to the powerful online optimization by learning a deep high-level policy for the MPC (High-MPC). Conditioning on robot's local observations, the trained neural network policy is capable of adaptively selecting high-level decision variables for the low-level MPC controller, which then generates optimal control commands for the robot. First, we formulate the search of high-level decision variables for MPC as a policy search problem, specifically, a probabilistic inference problem. The problem can be solved in a closed-form solution. Second, we propose a self-supervised learning algorithm for learning a neural network high-level policy, which is useful for online hyperparameter adaptations in highly dynamic environments. We demonstrate the importance of incorporating the online adaption into autonomous robots by using the proposed method to solve a challenging control problem, where the task is to control a simulated quadrotor to fly through a swinging gate. We show that our approach can handle situations that are difficult for standard MPC.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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