利用无人机对“天籁”碟形天线Radio Telescope进行波束测量
Beam Measurements of the Tianlai Dish Radio Telescope using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
摘要：
天线波束方向图的精确测量对于许多应用是非常重要的。虽然传统上这种测量通常在微波暗室或测试范围内进行，但使用无人驾驶飞行器进行测量具有许多优点：可以在现场对组装好的天线进行测量，从而反映出感兴趣的天线的实际特性，更重要的是，它可以用于不能使用消声室和测试范围操纵或容易测量的较大天线。本文报道了我们利用无人机对天来天线阵6米抛物面天线进行的射电天文测量实验。由于碟形天线的收集面积很小，使用天文源进行校准只能在非常有限的角度范围内确定天线波束方向图。详细介绍了实验装置、信号发射系统的组成、飞行轨迹的设计和数据处理过程。我们发现无人机测量的波束方向图在主瓣与天文源测量的结果吻合很好，但无人机测量可以扩展到第四旁瓣。各波瓣的位置和宽度的测量结果也与电磁场仿真结果吻合较好。这种基于无人机的波束方向图测量方法灵活、廉价，该技术也可应用于其他实验。
英文摘要：
Precision measurement of the beam pattern of an antenna is very important for many applications. While traditionally such measurement is often made in a microwave anechoic chamber or at a test range, measurement using an unmanned aerial vehicle offers a number of advantages: the measurement can be made for the assembled antenna on site, thus reflecting the actual characteristics of the antenna of interest, and more importantly, it can be performed for larger antennas which cannot be steered or easily measured using the anechoic chamber and test range. Here we report our beam measurement experiment with UAV for a 6 meter dish used in the Tianlai array, which is a radio astronomy experiment. Due to the dish's small collecting area, calibration with an astronomical source only allows for determining the antenna beam pattern over a very limited angular range. We describe in detail the setup of the experiment, the components of the signal transmitting system, the design of the flight path and the procedure for data processing. We find the UAV measurement of the beam pattern agrees very well with the astronomical source measurement in the main lobe, but the UAV measurement can be extended to the fourth side lobe. The measured position and width of each lobe also shows good agreement with electromagnetic field simulation. This UAV-based approach of beam pattern measurement is flexible and inexpensive, and the technique may also be applied to other experiments.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
