The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: exploring the Halo Occupation Distribution model for Emission Line Galaxies
Santiago Avila, Violeta Gonzalez-Perez, Faizan G. Mohammad, Arnaud de Mattia, Cheng Zhao, Anand Raichoor, Amelie Tamone, Shadab Alam, Julian Bautista, Davide Bi… 展开作者
Santiago Avila, Violeta Gonzalez-Perez, Faizan G. Mohammad, Arnaud de Mattia, Cheng Zhao, Anand Raichoor, Amelie Tamone, Shadab Alam, Julian Bautista, Davide Bianchi, Etienne Burtin, Michael J. Chapman, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Johan Comparat, Kyle Dawson, Thomas Divers, Helion du Mas des Bourboux, Hector Gil-Marin, Eva-Maria Mueller, Salman Habib, Katrin Heitmann, Vanina Ruhlmann-Kleider, Nelson Padilla, Will J. Percival, Ashley J. Ross, Hee-Jong Seo, Donald P. Schneider, Gong-Bo Zhao
We study the modelling of the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) for the eBOSS DR16 Emission Line Galaxies (ELGs). Motivated by previous theoretical and observational studies, we consider different physical effects that can change how ELGs populate haloes. We explore the shape of the average HOD, the fraction of satellite galaxies, their probability distribution function (PDF), and their density and velocity profiles. Our baseline HOD shape was fitted to a semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution, with a decaying occupation of central ELGs at high halo masses. We consider Poisson and sub/super-Poissonian PDFs for satellite assignment. We model both NFW and particle profiles for satellite positions, also allowing for decreased concentrations. We model velocities with the virial theorem and particle velocity distributions. Additionally, we introduce a velocity bias and a net infall velocity. We study how these choices impact the clustering statistics while keeping the number density and bias fixed to that from eBOSS ELGs. The projected correlation function, $w_p$, captures most of the effects from the PDF and satellites profile. The quadrupole, $ξ_2$, captures most of the effects coming from the velocity profile. We find that the impact of the mean HOD shape is subdominant relative to the rest of choices. We fit the clustering of the eBOSS DR16 ELG data under different combinations of the above assumptions. The catalogues presented here have been analysed in companion papers, showing that eBOSS RSD+BAO measurements are insensitive to the details of galaxy physics considered here. These catalogues are made publicly available.
We present the characteristics of the Damped Lyman-$α$ (DLA) systems found in the data release DR16 of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). DLAs were identified using the convolutional neural network (CNN) of~\cite{Parks2018}. A total of 117,458 absorber candidates were found with $2 \leq \zdla \leq 5.5$ and $19.7 \leq \lognhi \leq 22$, including 57,136 DLA candidates with $\lognhi \geq 20.3$. Mock quasar spectra were used to estimate DLA detection efficiency and the purity of the resulting catalog. Restricting the quasar sample t…
We spectroscopically detected 838 likely, 448 probable, and 265 possible strong lens candidates within $\approx2$ million galaxy spectra contained within the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) from the sixteenth data release (DR16) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We apply the spectroscopic detection method of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) and add Gaussian fit information, grading, additional inspection observables, and additional inspection methods to improve our selection method. We observed 477 candidates wi…
We present the measurements and modelling of the small-to-intermediate scale (0.1--25 Mpc/h) projected and three-dimensional (3D) redshift-space two-point correlation functions (2PCFs) of local galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. We find a clear dependence of galaxy clustering on luminosity in both projected and redshift spaces, generally being stronger for more luminous samples. The measurements are successfully interpreted within the halo occupation distribution (HOD) framework with central and satellite velocity bias parameters to describe galaxy kinematics insid…
We present an estimate of the projected two-point correlation function (2PCF) of quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) over the full range of one- and two-halo scales, 0.02-120 Mpc/h. This was achieved by combining data from SDSS DR7 on large scales and Hennawi et al. (2006; with appropriate statistical corrections) on small scales. Our combined clustering sample is the largest spectroscopic quasar clustering sample to date, containing ~48,000 quasars in the redshift range 0.4<z<2.5 with median redshift 1.4. We interpret these precise 2PCF measurements within the halo occupation distr…
We present a study of the clustering and halo occupation distribution of BOSS CMASS galaxies in the redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.7 drawn from the Final SDSS-III Data Release. We compare the BOSS results with the predictions of a Halo Abundance Matching (HAM) clustering model that assigns galaxies to dark matter halos selected from the large BigMultiDark $N$-body simulation of a flat $Λ$CDM Planck cosmology. We compare the observational data with the simulated ones on a light-cone constructed from 20 subsequent outputs of the simulation. Observational effects such as incompleteness, geometry, ve…
We perform a Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) modeling of the projected two-point correlation function (2PCF) of quasars that are observed in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) telescope with counter-parts in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release (DR)-8 quasar catalog at a median redshift of $z\sim 1.04 (\pm 0.58)$. Using a four parameter HOD model we derive the host mass scales of WISE selected quasars. Our results show that the median halo masses of central and satellite quasars lie in the range $M_{\mathrm{cen}} = (5 \pm 1.0) \times 10^{12} M_{\odot}$ and $M_{\mathr…
We perform a tomographic structure growth and expansion rate analysis using the monopole, quadrupole and hexadecapole of the redshift-space galaxy power spectrum derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 12 combined sample, which covers the redshift range of $0.20<z<0.75$. By allowing for overlap between neighbouring redshift slices in order to extract information on the light-cone, we successfully obtain joint BAO and RSD constraints with a precision of $2-3\%$ for $D_A$, $3-10\%$ for $H$ and $9-12\%$ for $fσ_8$ with a red…
Context. Halo occupation distribution (HOD) is a powerful statistic that allows the study of several aspects of the matter distribution in the Universe, such as evaluating semi-analytic models of galaxy formation or imposing constraints on cosmological models. Consequently, it is important to have a reliable method for estimating this statistic, taking full advantage of the available information on current and future galaxy surveys. Aims. The main goal of this project is to combine photometric and spectroscopic information using a discount method of background galaxies in order to extend the r…
The cosmological information contained in anisotropic galaxy clustering measurements can often be compressed into a small number of parameters whose posterior distribution is well described by a Gaussian. We present a general methodology to combine these estimates into a single set of consensus constraints that encode the total information of the individual measurements, taking into account the full covariance between the different methods. We illustrate this technique by applying it to combine the results obtained from different clustering analyses, including measurements of the signature of …
In current and future surveys, quasars play a key role. The new data will extend our knowledge of the Universe as it will be used to better constrain the cosmological model at redshift $z>1$ via baryon acoustic oscillation and redshift space distortion measurements. Here, we present the first clustering study of quasars observed by the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. We measure the clustering of $\sim 70,000$ quasars located in the redshift range $0.9<z<2.2$ that cover 1,168 deg$^2$. We model the clustering and produce high-fidelity quasar mock catalogues based on the BigMult…
We present measurements of the local primordial non-Gaussianity parameter \fNLloc from the clustering of 343,708 quasars with redshifts 0.8 < z < 2.2 distributed over 4808 square degrees from the final data release (DR16) of the extended Baryon acoustic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), the largest volume spectroscopic survey up to date. Our analysis is performed in Fourier space, using the power spectrum monopole at very large scales to constrain the scale dependent halo bias. We carefully assess the impact of systematics on our measurement and test multiple contamination removal meth…
We present 2000 mock galaxy catalogs for the analysis of baryon acoustic oscillations in the Emission Line Galaxy (ELG) sample of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 16 (eBOSS DR16). Each mock catalog has a number density of $6.7 \times 10^{-4} h^3 \rm Mpc^{-3}$, covering a redshift range from 0.6 to 1.1. The mocks are calibrated to small-scale eBOSS ELG clustering measurements at scales of around 10 $h^{-1}$Mpc. The mock catalogs are generated using a combination of GaLAxy Mocks (GLAM) simulations and the Quick Particle-Mesh (QPM) method. GLAM simulations are use…
Clustering of dark matter halos has been shown to depend on halo properties beyond mass such as halo concentration, a phenomenon referred to as halo assembly bias. Standard halo occupation models (HOD) in large scale structure studies assume that halo mass alone is sufficient in characterizing the connection between galaxies and halos. Modeling of galaxy clustering can face systematic effects if the number of galaxies within a halo is correlated with other halo properties. Using the Small MultiDark-Planck high resolution $N$-body simulation and the clustering measurements of the Sloan Digital …
We present a void clustering analysis in configuration-space using the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) DR16 samples. These samples consist of Luminous Red Galaxies (LRG) combined with the high redshift tail of the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) DR12 CMASS galaxies (called as LRG+CMASS sample), Emission Line Galaxies (ELG) and quasars (QSO). We build void catalogues from the three eBOSS DR16 samples using a ZOBOV-based algorithm, providing 2,814 voids, 1,801 voids and 4,347 voids in the LRG+CMASS, …
We construct cosmic void catalogues with the DIVE void finder upon SDSS BOSS DR12 and eBOSS DR16 galaxy samples with BAO reconstruction applied, and perform a joint BAO analysis using different types of galaxies and the corresponding voids. The BAO peak is evident for the galaxy-galaxy, galaxy-void, and void-void correlation functions of all datasets, including the ones cross correlating luminous red galaxy and emission line galaxy samples. Two multi-tracer BAO fitting schemes are then tested, one combining the galaxy and void correlation functions with a weight applied to voids, and the other…
We perform a tomographic baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) analysis using the monopole, quadrupole and hexadecapole of the redshift-space galaxy power spectrum measured from the pre-reconstructed combined galaxy sample of the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release (DR)12 covering the redshift range of $0.20<z<0.75$. By allowing for overlap between neighbouring redshift slices, we successfully obtained the isotropic and anisotropic BAO distance measurements within nine redshift slices to a precision of $1.5\%-3.4\%$ for $D_V/r_…
Cosmological growth can be measured in the redshift space clustering of galaxies targeted by spectroscopic surveys. Accurate prediction of clustering of galaxies will require understanding galaxy physics which is a very hard and highly non-linear problem. Approximate models of redshift space distortion (RSD) take a perturbative approach to solve the evolution of dark matter and galaxies in the universe. In this paper we focus on eBOSS emission line galaxies (ELGs) which live in intermediate mass haloes. We create a series of mock catalogues using haloes from the Multidark and {\sc Outer Rim} d…
We perform a tomographic analysis of structure growth and expansion rate from the anisotropic galaxy clustering of the combined sample of Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 12, which covers the redshift range of $0.2<z<0.75$. In order to extract the redshift information of anisotropic galaxy clustering, we analyse this data set in nine overlapping redshift slices in configuration space and perform the joint constraints on the parameters $(D_V, F_{\mathrm{AP}}, fσ_8)$ using the correlation function multipoles. The analysis pipeline is validated using the MultiDark-Patch…
We investigate the anisotropic clustering of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 12 (DR12) sample, which consists of $1\,198\,006$ galaxies in the redshift range $0.2 < z < 0.75$ and a sky coverage of $10\,252\,$deg$^2$. We analyse this dataset in Fourier space, using the power spectrum multipoles to measure Redshift-Space Distortions (RSD) simultaneously with the Alcock-Paczynski (AP) effect and the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) scale. We include the power spectrum monopole, quadrupole and hexadecapole in our analysis and compare our measurements with a perturb…
Recent works have shown that the properties of galaxy populations in dark matter halos vary with large-scale environments. These results suggest a variation in the halo occupation distribution (HOD) in extreme density environments. To analyse these effects, we identify cosmic voids and future virialised structures (FVS) in the SDSS-DR12 and estimate the HOD within these superstructures using group catalogues as dark matter halo proxies. Our goal is to use observational galaxy data to characterise the HOD within voids and FVS, explore the different properties of these galaxies populations and c…
We use baryon acoustic oscillation and redshift space distortion from the completed Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, corresponding to data release 12 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, combined sample analysis in combination with cosmic microwave background, supernova and redshift space distortion measurements from additional spectroscopic surveys to test deviations from general relativity. We present constraints on several phenomenological models of modified gravity: First, we parametrise the growth of structure using the growth index $γ$, finding $γ=0.566\pm0.058$ (68\% C.L.). Second, …
We present one thousand mock galaxy catalogues for the analysis of the Low Redshift Sample (LOWZ, effective redshift z ~ 10.32) of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Releases 10 and 11. These mocks have been created following the PTHalos method of Manera13 et al. (2013) revised to include new developments. The main improvement is the introduction of a redshift dependence in the Halo Occupation Distribution in order to account for the change of the galaxy number density with redshift. These mock catalogues are used in the analyses of the LOWZ galaxy clustering by the BOSS collabor…
We present observational constraints on the galaxy-halo connection, focusing particularly on galaxy assembly bias, from a novel combination of counts-in-cylinders statistics, $P(N_{\rm{CIC}})$, with the standard measurements of the projected two-point correlation function, $w_{\rm{p}}(r_{\rm{p}})$, and number density, $n_{\rm{gal}}$, of galaxies. We measure $n_{\rm{gal}}$, $w_{\rm{p}}(r_{\rm{p}})$ and $P(N_{\rm{CIC}})$ for volume-limited, luminosity-threshold samples of galaxies selected from SDSS DR7, and use them to constrain halo occupation distribution (HOD) models, including a model in wh…
We perform a tomographic baryon acoustic oscillations analysis using the two-point galaxy correlation function measured from the combined sample of BOSS DR12, which covers the redshift range of $0.2<z<0.75$. Splitting the sample into multiple overlapping redshift slices to extract the redshift information of galaxy clustering, we obtain a measurement of $D_A(z)/r_d$ and $H(z)r_d$ at nine effective redshifts with the full covariance matrix calibrated using MultiDark-Patchy mock catalogues. Using the reconstructed galaxy catalogues, we obtain the precision of $1.3\%-2.2\%$ for $D_A(z)/r_d$ and $…
We present a measurement of baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) from Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) absorption and quasars at an effective redshift $z=2.33$ using the complete extended Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). The sixteenth and final eBOSS data release (SDSS DR16) contains all data from eBOSS and its predecessor, the Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), providing $210,005$ quasars with $z_{q}>2.10$ that are used to measure Ly$α$ absorption. We measure the BAO scale both in the auto-correlation of Ly$α$ absorption and in its cross correlation with $341,468$ quasars wi…
We present a measurement of the linear growth rate of structure, \textit{f} from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS III) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 12 (DR12) using Convolution Lagrangian Perturbation Theory (CLPT) with Gaussian Streaming Redshift-Space Distortions (GSRSD) to model the two point statistics of BOSS galaxies in DR12. The BOSS-DR12 dataset includes 1,198,006 massive galaxies spread over the redshift range $0.2 < z < 0.75$. These galaxy samples are categorized in three redshift bins. Using CLPT-GSRSD in our analysis of the combined sample of the…
We present baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale measurements determined from the clustering of 1.2 million massive galaxies with redshifts 0.2 < z < 0.75 distributed over 9300 square degrees, as quantified by their redshift-space correlation function. In order to facilitate these measurements, we define, describe, and motivate the selection function for galaxies in the final data release (DR12) of the SDSS III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). This includes the observational footprint, masks for image quality and Galactic extinction, and weights to account for density relation…
We perform a joint BAO and RSD analysis using the eBOSS DR16 LRG and ELG samples in the redshift range of $z\in[0.6,1.1]$, and detect a RSD signal from the cross power spectrum at a $\sim4σ$ confidence level, i.e., $fσ_8=0.317\pm0.080$ at $z_{\rm eff}=0.77$. Based on the chained power spectrum, which is a new development in this work to mitigate the angular systematics, we measurement the BAO distances and growth rate simultaneously at two effective redshifts, namely, $D_{\rm M}/r_{\rm d} \ (z=0.70)=17.96\pm0.51, \ D_{\rm H}/r_{\rm d} \ (z=0.70)=21.22\pm1.20, \ fσ_8 \ (z=0.70) =0.43\pm0.05$, a…
We present the cosmological analysis of the configuration-space anisotropic clustering in the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) DR16 galaxy sample. This sample consists of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) spanning the redshift range $0.6 < z < 1$, at an effective redshift of $z_{\rm eff}=0.698$. It combines 174 816 eBOSS LRGs and 202 642 BOSS CMASS galaxies. We extract and model the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and redshift-space distortions (RSD) features from the galaxy two-point correlation function to infer geometrica…
We present a Bayesian phase-space reconstruction of the cosmic large-scale matter density and velocity fields from the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillations Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12 (BOSS DR12) CMASS galaxy clustering catalogue. We rely on a given $Λ$CDM cosmology, a mesh resolution in the range of 6-10 $h^{-1}$ Mpc, and a lognormal-Poisson model with a redshift dependent nonlinear bias. The bias parameters are derived from the data and a general renormalised perturbation theory approach. We use combined Gibbs and Hamiltonian sampling, implemented in the \textsc{argo} code, to iteratively r…
We present large-scale structure catalogs from the completed extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). Derived from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) -IV Data Release 16 (DR16), these catalogs provide the data samples, corrected for observational systematics, and random positions sampling the survey selection function. Combined, they allow large-scale clustering measurements suitable for testing cosmological models. We describe the methods used to create these catalogs for the eBOSS DR16 Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) and Quasar samples. The quasar catalog contains 343,708 redshifts w…
We produce 1000 realizations of synthetic clustering catalogues for each type of the tracers used for the baryon acoustic oscillation and redshift space distortion analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey final data release (eBOSS DR16), covering the redshift range from 0.6 to 2.2, to provide reliable estimates of covariance matrices and test the robustness of the analysis pipeline with respect to observational systematics. By extending the Zel'dovich approximation density field with an effective tracer bias model calibrated with the cluster…
We measure the small-scale clustering of the Data Release 16 extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Luminous Red Galaxy sample, corrected for fibre-collisions using Pairwise Inverse Probability weights, which give unbiased clustering measurements on all scales. We fit to the monopole and quadrupole moments and to the projected correlation function over the separation range $7-60\,h^{-1}$Mpc with a model based on the Aemulus cosmological emulator to measure the growth rate of cosmic structure, parameterized by $fσ_8$. We obtain a measurement of $fσ_8(z=0.737)=0.408\pm0.038$, which is …
The growth rate and expansion history of the Universe can be measured from large galaxy redshift surveys using the Alcock-Paczynski effect. We validate the Redshift Space Distortion models used in the final analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Data Release 16 quasar clustering sample, in configuration and Fourier space, using a series of HOD mock catalogues generated using the OuterRim N-body simulation. We test three models on a series of non-blind mocks, in the OuterRim cosmology, and blind mocks, which have been rescaled to…
We present the Emission Line Galaxy (ELG) sample of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV Data Release 16 (DR16). After describing the observations and redshift measurement for the 269,243 observed ELG spectra over 1170 deg$^2$, we present the large-scale structure catalogues, which are used for the cosmological analysis. These catalogues contain 173,736 reliable spectroscopic redshifts between 0.6 and 1.1, along with the associated random catalogues quantifying the extent of observations, and the appropriate weights to correct for no…
We extract cosmological information from the anisotropic power spectrum measurements from the recently completed Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), extending the concept of clustering wedges to Fourier space. Making use of new FFT-based estimators, we measure the power spectrum clustering wedges of the BOSS sample by filtering out the information of Legendre multipoles l > 4. Our modelling of these measurements is based on novel approaches to describe non-linear evolution, bias, and redshift-space distortions, which we test using synthetic catalogues based on large-volume N-body s…
We explore the cosmological implications of anisotropic clustering measurements in configuration space of the final galaxy samples from Data Release 12 of the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. We implement a new detailed modelling of the effects of non-linearities, galaxy bias and redshift-space distortions that can be used to extract unbiased cosmological information from our measurements for scales $s \gtrsim 20\,h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. We combined the galaxy clustering information from BOSS with the latest cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations and Type Ia supernovae sampl…
We investigate the cosmological implications of studying galaxy clustering using a tomographic approach applied to the final BOSS DR12 galaxy sample, including both auto- and cross-correlation functions between redshift shells. We model the signal of the full shape of the angular correlation function, $ω(θ)$, in redshift bins using state-of-the-art modelling of non-linearities, bias and redshift-space distortions. We present results on the redshift evolution of the linear bias of BOSS galaxies, which cannot be obtained with traditional methods for galaxy-clustering analysis. We also obtain con…
We present the anisotropic clustering of emission line galaxies (ELGs) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Data Release 16 (DR16). Our sample is composed of 173,736 ELGs covering an area of 1170 deg$^2$ over the redshift range $0.6 \leq z \leq 1.1$. We use the Convolution Lagrangian Perturbation Theory in addition to the Gaussian Streaming Redshift-Space Distortions to model the Legendre multipoles of the anisotropic correlation function. We show that the eBOSS ELG correlation function measurement is affected by the contributi…
We investigate the potential sources of theoretical systematics in the anisotropic Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) distance scale measurements from the clustering of galaxies in configuration space using the final Data Release (DR12) of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). We perform a detailed study of the impact on BAO measurements from choices in the methodology such as fiducial cosmology, clustering estimators, random catalogues, fitting templates, and covariance matrices. The theoretical systematic uncertainties in BAO parameters are found to be 0.002 in the isotropic dil…
We present an analysis of the anisotropic redshift-space void-galaxy correlation in configuration space using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Data Release 16 luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample. This sample consists of LRGs between redshifts 0.6 and 1.0, combined with the high redshift $z>0.6$ tail of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12 CMASS sample. We use a reconstruction method to undo redshift-space distortion (RSD) effects from the galaxy field before applying a watershed void-finding algorithm to remove bias from …
We present the measurements of the redshift-space three-point correlation function (3PCF) for z~0.5 luminous red galaxies of the CMASS sample in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 11. The 3PCF measurements are interpreted within the halo occupation distribution framework using high-resolution N-body simulations, and the model successfully reproduces the 3PCF on scales larger than 1Mpc/h. As with the case for the redshift-space two-point correlation functions, we find that the redshift-space 3PCF measurements also favour the inclusion of galaxy…
We measure the luminosity and color dependence of galaxy clustering in the SDSS DR7 main galaxy sample, focusing on the projected correlation function w_p(r_p) of volume-limited samples. We interpret our measurements using halo occupation distribution (HOD) modeling assuming a Lambda-CDM cosmology. The amplitude of w_p(r_p) grows slowly with luminosity for L < L_* and increases sharply at higher luminosities, with bias factor b(>L)=1.06+0.23(L/L_*)^{1.12}. At fixed luminosity, redder galaxies have a stronger and steeper w_p(r_p), a trend that runs steadily from the bluest galaxies to the redde…
We characterise the distribution of quasars within dark matter halos using a direct measurement technique for the first time at redshifts as high as $z \sim 1$. Using the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) catalogue for galaxy groups and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR12 quasar dataset, we assign host clusters/groups to the quasars and make a measurement of the mean number of quasars within dark matter halos as a function of halo mass. We find that a simple power-law fit of $\log\left <N\right> = (2.11 \pm 0.01) \log (M) -(32.77 \pm 0.11)$ can be used to model the quasar fraction in dark mat…
We analyse the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) signal of the final Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) data release (DR12). Our analysis is performed in Fourier-space, using the power spectrum monopole and quadrupole. The dataset includes $1\,198\,006$ galaxies over the redshift range $0.2 < z < 0.75$. We divide this dataset into three (overlapping) redshift bins with the effective redshifts $\zeff = 0.38$, $0.51$ and $0.61$. We demonstrate the reliability of our analysis pipeline using N-body simulations as well as $\sim 1000$ MultiDark-Patchy mock catalogues, which mimic the BOS…
The completed eBOSS catalogues contain redshifts of 344080 QSOs over 0.8<z<2.2 covering 4808 deg$^2$, 174816 LRGs over 0.6<z<1.0 covering 4242 deg$^2$ and 173736 ELGs over 0.6<z<1.1 covering 1170 deg$^2$ in order to constrain the expansion history of the Universe and the growth rate of structure through clustering measurements. Mechanical limitations of the fibre-fed spectrograph on the Sloan telescope prevent two fibres being placed closer than 62", the fibre-collision scale, in a single pass of the instrument on the sky. These `fibre collisions' strongly correlate with the intrinsic clusteri…
Ohio University（俄亥俄大学）；The Ohio State University（俄亥俄州立大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；University of Waterloo（滑铁卢大学）；Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics（圆周理论物理研究所）；University of North Carolina（北卡罗来纳大学）；University of Portsmouth（朴茨茅斯大学）
We investigate the large-scale clustering of the final spectroscopic sample of quasars from the recently completed extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). The sample contains $343708$ objects in the redshift range $0.8<z<2.2$ and $72667$ objects with redshifts $2.2<z<3.5$, covering an effective area of $4699~{\rm deg}^{2}$. We develop a neural network-based approach to mitigate spurious fluctuations in the density field caused by spatial variations in the quality of the imaging data used to select targets for follow-up spectroscopy. Simulations are used with the same angular …
We measure the angular auto-correlation functions (w) of SDSS galaxies selected to have photometric redshifts 0.1 < z < 0.4 and absolute r-band magnitudes Mr < -21.2. We split these galaxies into five overlapping redshift shells of width 0.1 and measure w in each subsample in order to investigate the evolution of SDSS galaxies. We find that the bias increases substantially with redshift - much more so than one would expect for a passively evolving sample. We use halo-model analysis to determine the best-fit halo-occupation-distribution (HOD) for each subsample, and the best-fit models allow us…
We measure the anisotropic clustering of the quasar sample from Data Release 16 (DR16) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). A sample of $343,708$ spectroscopically confirmed quasars between redshift $0.8<z<2.2$ are used as tracers of the underlying dark matter field. In comparison with DR14 sample, the final sample doubles the number of objects as well as the survey area. In this paper, we present the analysis in configuration space by measuring the two-point correlation function and decompose using the Legendre polynomials. For the full-…
We develop a series of N-body data challenges, functional to the final analysis of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Data Release 16 (DR16) galaxy sample. The challenges are primarily based on high-fidelity catalogs constructed from the Outer Rim simulation - a large box size realization (3 Gpc/h) characterized by an unprecedented combination of volume and mass resolution, down to 1.85x10^9 M_sun/h. We generate synthetic galaxy mocks by populating Outer Rim halos with a variety of halo occupation distribution (HOD) schemes of increasing complexity, spanning different…
The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological Implications from two Decades of Spectroscopic Surveys at the Apache Point observatory
We develop a new methodology called double-probe analysis with the aim of minimizing informative priors in the estimation of cosmological parameters. We extract the dark-energy-model-independent cosmological constraints from the joint data sets of Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) galaxy sample and Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurement. We measure the mean values and covariance matrix of $\{R$, $l_a$, $Ω_b h^2$, $n_s$, $log(A_s)$, $Ω_k$, $H(z)$, $D_A(z)$, $f(z)σ_8(z)\}$, which give an efficient summary of Planck data and 2-point statistics from BOSS galaxy sample, w…
We report on the small scale (0.5<r<40h^-1 Mpc) clustering of 78895 massive (M*~10^11.3M_sun) galaxies at 0.2<z<0.4 from the first two years of data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), to be released as part of SDSS Data Release 9 (DR9). We describe the sample selection, basic properties of the galaxies, and caveats for working with the data. We calculate the real- and redshift-space two-point correlation functions of these galaxies, fit these measurements using Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) modeling within dark matter cosmological simulations, and estimate the errors…
This is the second paper of a series that reports on our investigation of the clustering properties of AGNs in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) through cross-correlation functions (CCFs) with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) galaxies. In this paper, we apply the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model to the CCFs between the RASS Broad-line AGNs with SDSS Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) in the redshift range 0.16<z<0.36 that was calculated in paper I. In our HOD modeling approach, we use the known HOD of LRGs and constrain the HOD of the AGNs by a model fit to the CCF. For the first time, we are a…
We simultaneously constrain cosmology and galaxy bias using measurements of galaxy abundances, galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We use the conditional luminosity function (which describes the halo occupation statistics as function of galaxy luminosity) combined with the halo model (which describes the non-linear matter field in terms of its halo building blocks) to describe the galaxy-dark matter connection. We explicitly account for residual redshift space distortions in the projected galaxy-galaxy correlation functions, and marginalize over…
We analyse the clustering of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 16 luminous red galaxy sample (DR16 eBOSS LRG) in combination with the high redshift tail of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12 (DR12 BOSS CMASS). We measure the redshift space distortions (RSD) and also extract the longitudinal and transverse baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale from the anisotropic power spectrum signal inferred from 377,458 galaxies between redshifts 0.6 and 1.0, with effective redshift of $z_{\…
We analyse the broad-range shape of the monopole and quadrupole correlation functions of the BOSS Data Release 12 (DR12) CMASS and LOWZ galaxy sample to obtain constraints on the Hubble expansion rate $H(z)$, the angular-diameter distance $D_A(z)$, the normalised growth rate $f(z)σ_8(z)$, and the physical matter density $Ω_mh^2$. We adopt wide and flat priors on all model parameters in order to ensure the results are those of a `single-probe' galaxy clustering analysis. We also marginalise over three nuisance terms that account for potential observational systematics affecting the measured mon…
We model the luminosity-dependent projected and redshift-space two-point correlation functions (2PCFs) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 Main galaxy sample, using the halo occupation distribution (HOD) model and the subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) model and its extension. All the models are built on the same high-resolution $N$-body simulations. We find that the HOD model generally provides the best performance in reproducing the clustering measurements in both projected and redshift spaces. The SHAM model with the same halo-galaxy relation for central and satellite galaxies (or dis…
As the first paper in a series on the study of the galaxy-galaxy lensing from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7), we present our image processing pipeline that corrects the systematics primarily introduced by the Point Spread Function (PSF). Using this pipeline, we processed SDSS DR7 imaging data in $r$ band and generated a background galaxy catalog containing the shape information of each galaxy. Based on our own shape measurements of the galaxy images from SDSS DR7, we extract the galaxy-galaxy (GG) lensing signals around foreground spectroscopic galaxies binned in different …
We measure the angular 2-point correlation functions of galaxies in a volume limited, photometrically selected galaxy sample from the fifth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We split the sample both by luminosity and galaxy type and use a halo-model analysis to find halo-occupation distributions that can simultaneously model the clustering of all, early-, and late-type galaxies in a given sample. Our results for the full galaxy sample are generally consistent with previous results using the SDSS spectroscopic sample, taking the differences between the median redshifts of the photom…
